石家庄地区女性盆底功能障碍性疾病患病情况调查

The prevalence of women′s pelvic floor disorders condition in Shijiazhuang

目的对4 625例妇女盆底功能情况进行调查研究,探讨盆底功能障碍性疾病(PFD)的患病率和危险因素,为临床诊疗提供参考。方法采用多阶段分层抽样调查方法,选取2014年6月至2015年9月石家庄地区某社区5 000例妇女开展问卷调查,调查PFD相关知识,分析流行病学特征。结果共发放问卷5 000份,回收有效问卷4 625份,有效回收率为92.5%。2 673例(57.9%)表示对PFD有所了解,其中822例(17.8%)从报道、电视等途径了解,854例(18.5%)从医院了解,906例(19.6%)通过宣传教育等了解,91例(2.0%)通过就诊了解。4 625例中,1 133例患有PFD,患病率为24.5%。阴道分娩女性盆腔器官脱垂(POP)患病率(15.0%)显著高于剖宫产(6.0%)和未生育女性(1.4%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);未生育女性压力性尿失禁(SUI)患病率显著低于其他两组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。产次多、便秘、阴道分娩、高龄、便秘及产程延长是影响PFD的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论石家庄地区女性PFD患病率较高,对患者生活质量带来严重影响,有必要提高妇女对疾病的认知水平,尽早诊断治疗。

Objective To research the pelvic function of 4 625 women,and to analyze the prevalence and risk factors of the pelvic floor disorders（PFD）so as to provide reference for clinical treatment.Methods By multistage stratified sampling method,5 000 women were selected in a community of Shijiazhuang from June 2014 to September 2015,questionnaire survey was conducted in all the subjects to investigate the PFD related knowledge and epidemiological characteristics.Results A total of 5 000 questionnaires were distributed,4 625 valid questionnaires were recovered,and the recovery rate was 92.5%.Among the women,2 673cases（57.9%）had some understanding of PFD,and 822 cases（17.8%）gained the knowledge from television and other reports and 854cases（18.5%）gained the knowledge from the hospital.In addition,906cases（19.6%）got the knowledge through public education and 91cases（2.0%）from doctors.In 4 625 patients,1 133 were detected out PFD and the prevalence was 24.5%.The rate of pelvic organ prolapse（POP）of women with vaginal delivery（15.0%）was significantly higher than that of the women with cesarean section（6.0%）and non-reproductive females（1.4%）（P〈0.05）.Meanwhile,the rate of stress urinary incontinence of non-reproductive female was significantly lower than the other two groups（P〈0.05）.Parity,constipation,vaginal birth,advanced age were the risk factors of PFD（P〈0.05）.Conclusion The prevalence rate of PFD of women in Shijiazhuang is higher than other districts,which brings serious influence on quality of life.Relevant departments need to strengthen the women′s awareness of the disease so as to enable early diagnosis and treatment.