湖南省林业补贴政策实施中存在的问题及对策——基于资兴市和平江县的调查

Existing Problems and Countermeasures of Forestry Subsidy Policy in Hunan Province——Based on the investigation of the Xianxing city and Pingjiang county

为了推动我国林业现代化及工业反哺农业的进程,提高森林产出效益,建设生态中国。国家财政部于2009年启动了造林、森林抚育、林木良种、森林保险保费及林机具等一系列补贴政策。随后几年,补贴力度逐年提高,时至今日,该项政策已经逐渐常态化。为及时、全面地了解该政策的实施绩效,实现对巨额财政资金使用的有效监管,通过对湖南省资兴市与平江县等地林业补贴政策实施情况的实地调研,获取了不同层面的人员访谈及问卷调查的第一手信息和资料,调查与分析的结果表明:林业补贴政策实施对林业、林农以及各级地方政府均产生了的一定的积极影响;在生态、经济和社会等效益方面存在着经济效益不足、生态补偿过于狭窄以及社会效益单一等主要问题。在此基础上,提出了补贴资金来源多元化、补贴体系科学化、改善劳动力结构以及调整林业产业结构等进一步完善林业补贴政策的政策建议。

In order to promote forestry modernization and the process of industry regurgitation feeding agriculture in our country, improve the efficiency of the forest production, ecological construction of China, in 2009, the National Finance Ministry of China launched an afforestation subsidy, forest tending subsidy, growing superior seed varieties trees subsidy, forest insurance premium subsidy and forest equipment subsidy and so on. A few years later, subsidies increase year by year. The policy has been gradually normalized nowadays. For a timely and comprehensive understanding of the implementation of the policy performance and the effective supervision of the use of huge financial funds, through the investigation of the implementation of forestry subsidy policies in Zixing city and Pingjiang county of Hunan province, the study accesses to interviews and questionnaire among different levels of personnel first-hand information and data. The results of investigation and analysis show： the implementation of forestry subsidy policy has produced certain positive effects for forestry, forestry farmers and all levels of local governments. In terms of ecological, economic and social benefits, there are problems such as insufficient economic benefits, too narrow ecological compensation, and the singularity of social benefits. On basis of this, it puts forward diversifying sources of funding, scientificating the subsidy system, improving the structure of the labor force and adjusting the structure of forestry industry to further improve the suggestions for forestry subsidy policies.