缅甸华人庙宇：连接缅甸与东南亚和中国的寺庙信任网络

Chinese Temples in Myanmar:Temple and Trust Networks connecting Myanmar,Southeast Asia and China

从福建沿海特别是泉州地区扩展到东南亚的多种网络中,存在着三种网络,其分别是拓展性宗族网络、仪式传承网络和寺庙信任网络。这些信任网络是从可携带性仪式,例如地方神的庙宇香灰、高僧面前主持的集体宗教仪式的方法代代相传。另一方面,缅甸华人通过回祖国参与重修祖祠寺庙对家乡文化的贡献建立信任网络。缅甸华人在不同的历史和政治背景下运用各种仪式手段建立信任网络。这些网络并非简单地以传统形式展示,而是不断地与现代化力量碰撞与融汇,丰富了多元化的内涵,是具有持续性的。

This paper examines some temple networks which spread from the coastal region of Fujian Province of China over the last 150 years ago. Among many other networks,this article intends to investigate three kinds of networks：the extended lineage networks,the ritual trust networks and temple trust networks etc. These portable networks were built from the incense ash that early migrants carried from the deities of their native place,and some collected religious rituals were carried on generation by generation. On the other hand,Myanmar Chinese contributed to their native villages in China one way or another for the development of religious culture,for example,fellows of the Wu（surname）Association has recently returned to their native village in China to renovate their ancestral temples.Based on primary sources collected during participation,some suggestions and analysis will be made on how Myanmar Chinese have been adapted in various difficult political background,how they apply these rituals to build and renew the trust networks. These networks are not easy to display traditionally. Moreover,they become multi-culturally sustainable development after continuous conflicts and constantly emerged with the forces of modernity.