一个多民族文学融合互动的范本——《述善集》文学文献价值考述

A Template of Mixed and Interactive Multinational Literature——Discussions of the Literature Value of Shu San Ji

元代唐兀崇喜(杨崇喜)编撰的《述善集》不是纯粹的作家个人别集,也不同于一般的文学总集。其所涉的内容十分广泛,具有历史、民族、文化、教育、民俗等多方面重要价值。同时其文体也十分丰富,包括序、记、赞、碑铭、箴、志、符文、疏、传、诗、赋等。这些作品反映出唐兀崇喜与各族名士的广泛交往,具有羌汉文学关系典型范例的性质。本文着重对《述善集》编者唐兀崇喜及其唐兀家族作者、其他少数民族作者、主要汉族作者等生平家世、创作概况等进行梳理,由此真实范例可以见出元代多民族文学与文化融合互动之一斑,以及其巨大的文学及文献辑佚价值。

＂Tangwu＂ is an alternative name for the descendants of the Xixia dynasty. In 1227 AD, a number of these Xixia descendants moved inland after the destruction of the Xixia Dynasty by the Mongolians. One area near Puyang, group of them migrated to the Henan Province. Tangwu Chongxi （Yang Chongxi ） of the Yuan Dynasty compiled the Shu San Ji, which is divided into three volumes ： Shansu, Yucai and Xingshi, and appended with the biography of Boyan Zongdao. It reflects the historical origins, social class, living conditions and the relations with the Han people of the descendants of the Dangxiangqiang minority af- ter they moved to Puyang. This book attracted a lot of attention in academic circles, and it was there- fore reorganized and published in 1985 after being treasured by the people for more than 600 years. It has high academic value for its comprehensive his- torical records. We can not only acquaint ourselves with the history of the make-up of the Chinese nation, but also research this diversity from multiple perspectives, such as history, nationality and folklore. That is why it has drawn so much attention among academic researchers. The book contains poems, prose and biographies, which belong to different celebrated scholars from different ethnic minorities, all of whom had relationships with Tangwu Chongxi. It is also a typical model of Qiang - Han literature, which is very rare. This paper gives a preliminary exploration on the book, and shows a small part of its comprehensive value.