接受大学教育可以克服城乡出身差异吗——农村出身个体大学教育收益率研究

Does University Education Contribute to Decreasing Difference Between Urban and Rural Individuals?——A Study on Returns to Higher Education for Rural Individuals

使用2010年中国家庭追踪调查数据(CFPS),运用平均处理效应方法,分析上大学与否对农村出身个体收入的影响。研究发现农村青年上大学的收益率稳定在43%左右,平均年收益率约为10.7%。对比农村出身的个体和城市出身的个体接受大学教育的收益率,两者之间并不存在显著差异。接受大学教育可以克服个体的城乡出身差异,大学教育承载的终点公平仍然存在。如果考虑到从农村转变为城市户籍,将给农村出身的个体带来额外经济社会收益的话,那么其接受大学教育的收益显然要比城镇居民高。

Based on data from 2010 CFPS survey,we employ average treatment effect method and estimate the returns to higher education of rural individuals.We find that,going to college can increase a rural individual＇s earnings by 43 percent,while one year of higher schooling can increase a rural individual＇s earnings by 10.7 percent.According to this result,there is no significant difference between the rural individual and the urban individual in returns to higher education.Getting higher education can contribute to decreasing the difference between rural and urban individuals,and the indifferent effect of university education for everyone still exists.If we take consideration to the transformation in one＇s Hukou System from rural to urban,which provides extra social and economic returns to rural individuals,the returns to higher education for rural individuals are higher than returns for urban individuals.