说话者意图与会话蕴含——对语义—语用论者的反驳

Speaker's Intention and Conversational Implicature:A Response to Semantic-Pragmatic Approach

在Grice的意义理论中,说话者意图是一个基本的、初始的概念。然而,面对语义—语用论的激烈批评,Grice不得不对言说的会话蕴含作出一个符合语义—语用论的解释以寻求认同。时至今日,Grice的意义理论被过度解读为语义—语用论,以致于其心理语言学方向的研究完全受到压制。通过对Grice的著作重新进行解读,我们力图恢复其心理语言学研究传统,并通过一个反例回击语义—语用论对心理语言学和说话者意图的批评。

The concept of speaker＇s intention is the most fundamental and only primary notion in Grice＇s theory of meaning.Grice＇s interpretation of conversational implicature,however,in terms of semantic-pragmatic approach is just a matter of expediency,to escape from radical criticism of his opponents,and to get support from pragmatics.Today,Grice＇s theory of meaning is overinterpreted as a semantic-pragmatic theory,so that its characters from psycholinguistic research are excessively suppressed.By restating his thought on meaning,we try to recover his psycholinguistic research,as well as semantic-pragmatic research on meaning,and at last rebuke criticism on speaker＇s intention from semantic-pragmatic theory through a counter-example.