海洋生态补偿概念内涵研究与制度设计

Research on marine ecological compensation connotation and system design

海洋生态补偿问题是近年来我国海洋领域研究的热点之一。本文对当前海洋生态补偿概念界定和制度设计在实施过程中存在的问题进行了具体分析,基于海洋生态补偿的特殊性与复杂性,明确界定了海洋生态补偿的主体、客体、介体和环体四个基本构成要素,从具体行为深入探讨了构成要素之间的复杂关系,并对海洋生态补偿的概念加以定义。结合海洋管理实践,研究了海洋生态补偿涉及的海洋生态保护补偿金、海洋生态损失补偿金、海洋生态损害赔偿金、海域使用金等的区别,并提出了建立海洋生态补偿制度的相关政策建议。

Marine ecological compensation is regarded as one of the hot issues in the marine studies.The existing problems of connotation delimitation and system design in the process of implementation in marine ecological compensation were analyzed in detail in the present work.Based on the peculiarity and complexity of the marine ecological compensation,the concepts of its four basic components（ subject,object,mediator and annulus） were delimited,and an in-depth discussion were made on the complicated relationships between different elements in the specific activities,with the notion of marine ecological compensation defined.Combined with the practice of the marine management,the differences among marine ecological protection compensation fees,marine ecological loss compensation fees,marine ecological damage compensation fees and sea area use fees concerning the marine ecological compensation were researched,and related policy suggestions on building up the marine ecological compensation system were offered as well.