辽宁省城乡居民收入分配差距制度成因研究

The Income Distribution Gap between Urban and Rural Residents in Liaoning Province: Current Situation, Institutional Causes and Solutions

收入分配差距一直是经济领域与社会领域研究的热点问题。合理的收入分配格局既有利于缩小贫富差距,又有利于实现社会公平。本研究以辽宁省为例,在分析城乡居民收入分配差距现状的基础上,从制度角度探讨造成城乡居民收入差距存在的具体原因,包括初次分配机制中重工业优先发展和财产性收入不均衡,再分配中城乡社会保障制度不平等、劳动市场存在制度障碍等共同造成城乡居民收入差距存在;因此,改善各生产要素在初次分配中的占比、增加城乡居民财产性收入、构建城乡一体化社会保障体系、规范劳动力市场、从农业生产和农产品交易环节增加农民收入。

The income distribution gap has been a hot issue in economic and social study. A rational income distribution pattern is conducive not merely to narrowing the gap between the rich and poor, but also to achieving social justice. Taking Liaoning as example this paper first analyzes the current situation of the income distribution gap between urban and rural residents, then points out the specific institutional factors which cause the income gap,such as the imbalance between heavy industry which priority is given to and property income in the initial distribution mechanism, the inequality between urban and rural residents in social security in the redistribution mechanism, and the existence of institutional obstacles in labor market, and at last proposes that policies be made,such as improving the proportion of production factors in initial distribution, increasing the property income of both urban and rural residents, constructing a social security system in which urban communities are integrated with rural ones, standardizing the labor market, increasing farmers＇ income from the links of agricultural production and produce trade, etc.