航空维修安全监察的安全性分层监督控制模型与分析

Safety Hierarchical Monitoring Control Model and Analysis of Aviation Maintenance Safety Supervision

航空维修安全监察系统是一种具有多个控制层次、同一层次要素之间关联性强、控制层次之间相互约束要求高以及人为因素多等特点的复杂系统,诸如FTA、FMEA等基于线性事件链模型的传统安全性分析与控制方法不再适用。针对航空维修安全监察工作中存在的对象复杂程度高、人员参与程度高、过程复杂和管理要素多等特点,基于STAMP模型和STPA分析方法,提出了一种面向航空维修安全监督的分层结构监督控制模型,用来开展这一复杂系统的危险性分析,包括航空维修安全性约束、不安全性维修活动以及航空维修安全影响因素,对提高航空维修安全水平具有重要的意义。

Aviation maintenance safety supervision system is a complex system that has multiple control lev- els,with strong interactions among factors of the same level, high constraints among control levels and many human factors. Traditional safety analysis and control methods are not applicable, such as the FTA and FMEA that based on the linear chain of events. In view of the high complexity of objects,the high degree participation of people, the complex process and multiple management elements during the aviation maintenance safety supervision,the paper proposes a safety hierarchical monitoring control（SHMC）model for aviation maintenance safety supervision based on STAMP and STPA, which is used for hazard analysis of this complex system,including the safety constraints of aviation maintenance, the unsafe maintenance activities and the influence factors of aviation maintenance safety. The results have great significance for improving the safety level of aviation maintenance.