不同种源油茶良种花粉生活力研究

Study on pollen viability of Camellia oleifera improved varieties from different species

采用TTC法和琼脂培养基离体萌发法对来自湖南、江西、广西种源的油茶主栽良种进行了花粉生活力和萌发力的测定。结果表明：（1）油茶不同种源良种之间花粉生活力存在较大差异,本实验良种中的花粉生活力较高,花粉活力值范围在87.51%~66.98%之间,花粉萌发力值范围在87.91%~70.47%之间,显示了良种的优良特性;（2）湖南种源油茶良种花粉萌发最适培养基为1%琼脂＋10%蔗糖＋0.015%硼酸,江西和广西种源的良种通过调整蔗糖和硼酸浓度可使花粉萌发达最佳。采用TTC法和琼脂培养基离体萌发法同时检测花粉生活力可以相互校验;（3）花粉生活力大小与品种内在遗传特性有关,也与立地和气候有一定关系。

Pollen viability and germination ability were studied on ordinary Camellia oleifera cultivars from Hunan, Jiangxi and Guangxi provinces, by TTC method and agar in vitro germination. The result showed： Firstly, the pollen viability of different Camellia oleifera cultivars from different regions were differences, pollen viability of improved varieties from Hunan ware higher in this experiment at about 87.51%-66.98%, pollen germination capacity range from 87.91%-70.47%, displayed the excellent characteristics of the improved varieties; Secondly, provenance of Camellia oleifera from Hunan optimal pollen germination medium was 1% agar#10% sucrose＋0.015% boric acid, provenance of Camellia oleifera from Jiangxi and Guangxi ware slightly changed the concentration of sucrose and boric acidity before achieving the best pollen germination. TTC method using an agar medium and germinated in vitro method for simultaneous detection of pollen viability can check each other; Thirdly, the level of pollen viability related to inherent genetic characteristics of the species, and is relevant with site and weather conditions.