植物维生素生物强化进展

Progress on Vitamins Fortification in Plants

维生素是动植物生长发育所必需的微量营养素,包括A、B族(B1、B2、B3、B5、B6、B7、B9、B12)、C、D、E和K等。这些物质由于人体内不能合成或合成量不足,所以虽然需要量很少,但必须从膳食特别是植物性食品中获得。因此,利用生物强化技术来提高植物合成的维生素含量可以有效地应对全球性维生素缺乏的问题,对人类的生存与健康具有重要意义。综述了近年来国内外植物中维生素代谢和生物强化的主要研究成果,并对利用分子设计育种进行维生素生物强化的未来发展方向进行了展望。

Vitamins are vital nutrients that plants and animals require in limited amounts,including A,B1,B2,B3,B5,B6,B7,B9,B12,C,D,E and K. Human cannot synthesize the compounds in sufficient quantities,and they must be obtained from the diet,especially from plant foods. Vitamin deficiency is still prevalent in large population across the world,and closely associated with increasing risks of diseases. Scientists have made great efforts on the enhancement of vitamins in plants through biofortification to tackle this global problem. This review summarized the progress of vitamin metabolism and fortification in plants,and sheds light on the trends in breeding by molecular design for vitamin-enriched crops.