临床护士循证实践知识态度行为现状调查及影响因素分析

Status survey on clinical nurses′ knowledge, attitude and practice of evidence-based practice and its influencing factors

目的：了解在职护士对循证实践相关的知识、态度、行为，探讨可能存在的影响因素，以便有针对性地对护士进行相关知识培训。方法采用自行设计的一般情况调查表和循证实践问卷（ EBPQ中文版），采用便利抽样方法，于2015年6-7月对北京市某所三级甲等医院的140名注册护士进行调查。结果护士循证实践行为、态度、知识维度平均分为（22.94±7.32）、（21.69±6.47）和（57.39±15.31）分。单因素分析显示不同年龄、工龄、学历、职称的护士知信行得分之间差异有统计学意义（ P〈0.05）；多元线性回归分析显示循证实践行为主要由知识维度、态度维度、文献阅读情况、开展循证护理必要性的看法决定（ P〈0.01）。结论目前临床护士循证实践知识水平较低，态度较积极，行为水平不容乐观，循证知识、循证态度、文献阅读及对开展循证必要性看法是影响循证实践的主要因素，应根据不同年龄、工龄、学历、职称等特征制定教育计划，加强相关知识培训，以提高其知信行水平。

Objective To observe clinical nurses′knowledge, attitude, and practice of evidence-based practice （EBP）, and to explore its potential influencing factors, so as to provide targeted knowledge training for nurses.Methods The nurses′ information form and evidence-based practice questionnaire （ EBPQ） were used in this survey. Totally 140 nurses from a hospital in Beijing from June to July 2015 participated in this survey. Results The average score of practice, attitude, and knowledge on EBP were （22.94±7.32）, （21.69±6.47） and （57.39±15.31）. Statistically significant correlations were found among different nurses′ age, length of employment, educational background, job tittle and nurses′ practice, attitude, and knowledge score on EBP （ P〈0.05） . Multivariate linear regression showed that the EBP of nurses was mainly decided by their knowledge level, attitude level, amount of literature reading, and endorsement related to EBP.Conclusions The status of nurses′knowledge and practice level related to EBP was low, and the attitude level was relatively positive. Knowledge training program should be established according to nurses′ age, length of employment, educational background, and job tittle, in order to raise the level of their knowledge, attitude and behavior on EBP. As well as the amount of literature reading and endorsement related to EBP are also primarily factors that influence the practice level.