2015年我院泌尿系感染病原菌的分布及其耐药性探讨

Distribution and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria in urinary system infection in our hospital in 2015

目的探讨我院泌尿外科感染病原菌的分布及耐药性情况,为泌尿系感染的临床治疗提供依据。方法选取2015年1月至2016年1月我院泌尿外科收治的1 680例患者的临床资料,对其中186份送检标本中引起感染的病原菌类型及药敏试验结果进行分析。结果 186份标本中,检出病原菌135株,检出率为72.6%;其中革兰阴性菌97株,占71.9%,革兰阳性均34例,占25.2%,真菌4例,占2.9%;在所有检出菌株中,大肠埃希菌对头孢他啶、氨苄西林的耐药性最高,耐药率分别为100%和92.%,溶血性葡萄球菌对庆大霉素和红霉素的耐药性最高,耐药率均达到100%,表皮葡萄球菌对磺胺甲恶唑/甲氧苄啶的耐药性最高,耐药率为83.3%。结论在临床泌尿外科中导致泌尿系感染的病原菌仍以常见病原菌为主,病原菌具有一定的耐药性,在患者的临床诊疗中应注意操规范操作,合理使用抗菌药物,避免院内感染发生。

Objective To observe the pathogens distribution and drug resistance of urinary system infection in our hospital and provide evidence for the clinical treatment of urinary tract infections. Methods 1,680 clinical data of patients in our hospital from Jan. 2015 to Jan. 2016 were selected. The types of pathogen and drug sensitivity test results of 186 inspection samples were analyzed.Results Of the 186 specimens, 135 was pathogen positive. The relevance ratio was 72.6%. The Gram-negative bacteria were 97, which was 71.9%. Gram- positive were 34, which was 25.2%. Fungi were 4, which was 2.9%. In all detected strains, the Escherichia coli was resistant to ceftazidime and ampicillin and the drug resistance rate was the highest which was 100% and 92.% respectively. Hemolytic staphylococci was resistant to gentamicin and erythromycin and the drug resistance rate was the highest, which was 100% and 100%. Staphylococcus epidermidis was resistant to sulfamethoxazole/ trimethoprim, the drug resistance rate was 83.3%. Conclusions Common pathogens are still main factors of clinical urology urinary tract infection. The pathogens have certain resistance, and we should pay attention to standard operation and rational using of antibiotics in the clinical diagnosis and treatment of patients to prevent nosocomial infection.