基于感官指数的城市水体景观功能评价

Evaluation of landscape function of urban lakes based on sensory index

针对城市水体以景观功能为主的典型特点,以及与此对应评价方法的缺失,以昆明翠湖为研究对象,提出了基于感官指数的城市水体景观功能评价方法。选择反映藻类繁殖状况的总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)、叶绿素(Chl-a)和反映感官性状的透明度(SD)等4个单一指标综合为感官指数,作为景观水质评价因子,结合国内外现有水质标准中涉及到的4个指标的标准值,建立适宜的景观水质评价标准。采用灰色聚类分析法对第三方水质监测数据和指标标准值进行数学解析与拟合。结果表明,该方法的评价结果能很好的反映水体的景观功能现状,并能有效研判同一水体不同区域的景观水质现状,为污染源的解析提供依据。研究成果为城市水体景观功能水质状态评价提供了新的方法和典型案例。

Landscape function is a typical characteristic of urban waters,but there is no methodology for evaluating this function. A method based on sensory index was proposed for evaluating the landscape function of urban lakes,and was successfully applied to a case study of Cuihu Lake in Kunming,China. Total nitrogen（ TN）,total phosphorus（ TP）,chlorophyll-a（ Chl-a）,and transparency（ SD） parameters were synthesized to produce the sensory index,which was used for evaluating the landscape function of the lake. Standard values of the four parameters were determined with reference to nationally published criteria. A grey clustering tool was employed to analyze the field data and standard values. The results were completely in accordance with the present landscape function of the lake; the lake could be divided into many areas according to the range of index values,which provided evidence for pollution analysis. This paper presents a case study and proposes a new methodology for evaluating the landscape function of urban waterbodies.