单过硫酸氢钾复合粉在饮用水消毒过程中的副产物生成特性及遗传毒性变化

Characteristics of Disinfection By-products and Genotoxicity During Drinking Water Disinfection with Potassium Monopersulfate Compound Powder

以北京田村山净水厂原水和炭后出水作为试验用水,对新型消毒剂单过硫酸氢钾复合粉消毒后生成的消毒副产物(disinfection by-products,DBPs)进行定性分析.向受试水样中分别投加单过硫酸氢钾复合粉和次氯酸钠,比较了复合粉消毒和氯消毒的DBPs生成量,并通过umu试验对水样消毒后的遗传毒性变化进行测试.结果表明,测试水样投加单过硫酸氢钾复合粉消毒前后的有机物种类变化不大,但仍有新的卤代烃和卤代物生成.与氯消毒相比,单过硫酸氢钾复合粉消毒后生成的三卤甲烷(THMs)和卤乙酸(HAAs)的含量更低.另外,根据umu测试的结果,经单过硫酸氢钾复合粉消毒后原水和炭后水的遗传毒性均明显低于氯消毒.然而在水中有机物较多和消毒剂投加量较大时,单过硫酸氢钾复合粉用于消毒仍有一定安全风险.

The qualitative analysis for by-products in the course of disinfection of the raw water and the effluent of GAC in Beijing Tiancuishan Drinking Water Treamtment Plant by potassium monopersulfate compound powder was determined. Halogen disinfection by-products during disinfection process by potassium monopersulfate compound powder was evaluated in a bench scale by comparing with chlorine disinfection process, and the genotoxicity evaluation of potassium monopersulfate compound powder and chlorine disinfection processes was also conducted by umu-test. The results showed that there were small changes in the organic pollutant components of water samples after disinfection by potassium monopersulfate compound powder,while some new halogen disinfection byproducts were generated. Disinfection with potassium monopersulfate compound powder generated much less trihalomethanes（ THMs）and haloacetic acids（ HAAs） than chlorination disinfection. Moreover,the results of umu test indicated that the raw water and the effluent of GAC presented lower genotoxicity after potassium monopersulfate compound powder disinfection than chlorine disinfection.However,there was a risk for safety at a high level of organic matters and disinfectant dosage during potassium monopersulfate compound powder disinfection process.