气象要素对植物物候影响及其驱动机制研究进展

A review of the effect of meteorological factors on plant phenology and its driving mechanisms

植物物候研究不仅对区域碳收支精确评估具有重要意义,且对区域气候模式的改进和提高也有重要意义。由于环境因子,特别是气象因子对植物物候的驱动机理尚不明确,基于现有气温升高导致植物展叶提前和枯黄推后的结论,直接线性外推未来气候变暖背景下植物生长季延长是不合理的。本文以植物的生活史为线索,归纳控制实验条件下光温水等气象因子对植物关键发育期的调控机理,揭示植物不同发育期的主导因子,比较控制实验和模型模拟条件下植物物候的光温水控制原理;阐述了植物物候的光温水控制实验结果在植物物候模型中的重要性,提出了根据主导影响因子分类对植物物候进行研究,植物物候期的内在参数与环境因子的协同进化关系、环境因子对植物物候期调控的相互补偿作用和程度为未来物候研究的重点方向。

Studying plant phenology is of great importance not only for precise assessment of regional carbon budget but also for improvement of regional climate models. Because it is unclear how plant phenology responds to environmental factors（ especially the meteorological factors）, it may be wrong for the recent conclusion that the vegetation growth season is linearly extrapolated with the advance of plant leafing and postpone of leaf yellowing in the context of increasing temperature. According to the cue of plant life history,control mechanisms of light, temperature and water on the key development stages of plants were summarized in this study. The primary factor affecting different development processes of plants was revealed. Control principles of light, temperature and water on plant phenology were compared between the studies in control experiment and model research. The importance of control experiment results of light, temperature and water to plant phenology in the construction of plant phenology models was explained. We also put forward that plant phenology should be explored according to the classification of main impact factors, the relationships between intrinsic parameters of plant phenology and cooperative coevolution of the environment should be focused,and extent and function of mutual offset for the regulation of environmental factors in plant phenology should be explicated.