油气处理装置风险定级评估技术研究

Research on Assessment Technology of Risk Rating for Oil and Gas Processing Device

为充分识别油气处理装置的风险,优化检维修策略及检维修周期,综合运用危险与可操作性分析(HAZOP),保护层分析(LOPA),安全完整性等级(SIL),故障模式、影响及危害性分析(FMECA),以可靠性为中心的维修(RCM),基于风险的检验(RBI)等6种技术方法,确定装置风险定级评估技术路线,从装置风险定级和检维修策略优化两个方面开展装置风险定级评估工作,达到充分识别装置运行过程中的风险,重点关注和管控高风险部位,保证风险在可控范围内;在风险受控的前提下优化资源配置,避免"过度维修/检验"或"维修/检验不足或无效",对装置风险定级评估工作进行动态管理,在操作运行及检维修过程中对信息及数据库进行完善与补充等效果。通过研究形成油气处理装置风险定级评估标准、实施指南及管理办法,为装置风险定级评估工作的开展提供指导及依据。

In order to totally recognize the risk of oil and gas processing device and to optimize the strate- gy and period of inspection and maintenance ,six technologies were applied comprehensively including hazard and operability studies （HAZOP）,layers of protection analysis（LOPA）,safety integrity level （SIL）,failure mode and effects criticality analysis （FMECA）,reliability centered maintenance （RCM） and risk-based inspection （RBI）. Assessment technical routes of risk rating for the device were determined.The risk rating was assessed for the device and the inspection and maintenance strategy was optimized.Then the risk during the device operation may be totally recognized and high-risk position should be focused and controlled so as to control the risk at certain range.Resource distribution may be optimized under the condition of controllable risk to avoid ex- cessive maintenance/inspection or inefficient maintenance/inspection.Dynamic management on the risk rating and assessment may be done,and information and database will be completed and supplied during the pro- cess of operation and maintenance.Assessment standard ,operation guide and management method of risk rating for the oil and gas processing device may be formed ,which will provide guide and foundation for the assess- ment of the risk rating of the device.