细胞凋亡与角膜移植排斥和免疫耐受诱导的研究进展

Advances of corneal transplantation rejection, immune tolerance induction and apoptosis

角膜移植是治疗角膜疾病的主要方法和手段,移植后的免疫排斥反应是导致角膜移植术失败的主要原因.细胞凋亡是一种不同于细胞坏死的由基因控制的细胞自主性程序性死亡方式,与组织器官的发育、分化和正常生理活动的维持以及某些疾病病理过程的发生等有着密切的联系.角膜移植后同时存在浸润炎性细胞和角膜细胞的凋亡,浸润炎性细胞的凋亡导致免疫耐受,而角膜细胞的凋亡既可导致移植排斥,又可以诱导免疫耐受.

Corneal transplantation is commonly used to treat patients with blindness.The main reason for the failure of corneal transplantation is corneal allograft rejection.In contrast to necrosis,apoptosis is a process of programmed cell death that is highly regulated and controlled.There is a close relationship between apoptosis and the development and differentiation of tissues and organs,as well as the maintenance of normal physiological activities and the development of many diseases.Current study revealed that apoptosis of corneal cells and infiltrated inflammatory cells occurredat the same time duringcorneal graft rejection.Apoptotic cells can induce both transplanation rejection and immune tolerance.