“全世界是一个舞台”——试析《一个美好的早晨》对《皆大欢喜》第二幕一个主题的变奏

“ All the World's a Stage ”: An Analysis of“A Lovely Morning”as a Variation on a Theme in As You Like It

《一个美好的早晨》是尤瑟纳尔晚年创作的短篇小说。故事发生在17世纪的阿姆斯特丹,主人公拉扎尔是一位市井少年,自从发现莎士比亚的世界后,他醉心戏剧,决定跟随一个英国戏班出走。拉扎尔出走前夜,梦见自己将在舞台上经历人生的各个阶段,他的梦境正是对莎翁喜剧《皆大欢喜》第二幕的著名主题"全世界是一个舞台"的演绎。本文分析了莎士比亚作品对拉扎尔成长的影响以及拉扎尔梦境的意义。尤瑟纳尔通过对莎翁名剧的巧妙变奏,在向莎翁致敬的同时,也寄寓了自己对人生、世界和文学的理解。

'Une belle matinée'( 'A Lovely Morning') was a short story Marguerite Yourcenar wrote in her last years. Set in Amsterdam in the 17 th century,it tells the story of Lazare( Lazarus),a boy of the street. Having discovered Shakespeare's dramatic world,he became engrossed with the theatre and decided to run away with an English troupe of actors. The night before his leaving,Lazare experienced in his dream the stages of men's and women's lives that he was to impersonate as an actor. His dream is a variation upon the theme that 'all the world's a stage',as is celebrated in Shakespeare's comedy As You Like It. This article analyses the influence of Shakespeare's works on Lazare's upbringing,as well as the significance of Lazare's dream. In this well-crafted variation upon a famous Shakespearean play,Yourcenar not only pays homage to the Bard but also conveys her vision of the human life,the world and literature.