粮价下跌背景下粮食生产的新问题与新思路

New Issues and New Thoughts on China's Grain Production under the Background of Grain Prices Drop

近年来,我国粮食主产区的三大主粮价格下跌幅度大、范围广,其原因是多方面的。粮价下跌带来了诸多新问题,严重影响了农民收入和种粮积极性,影响土地流转和规模经营,给粮食生产带来了隐患,也暴露出我国粮食市场和粮食流通体制存在的弊端。必须未雨绸缪,通过划定基本农田和高标准良田建设、加快农业供给侧结构性改革、实施藏粮于地藏粮于技战略、推进粮食价补分离改革、融入"一带一路"战略、培育新型职业农民等措施,调动农民种粮积极性,保障国家粮食安全。

The main grain producing areas in China is facing a widespread and steep decline in prices of three main grains for a variety of reasons. And the decline in food prices has brought many new problems： a sharp drop of farmers′ income and enthusiasm, impacts on land circulation and scale operation, and more risks in grain production. The drawbacks of China′s grain market and grain circulation system become more obvious. In this paper, we devote to improving the farmers enthusiasm, ensuring the national food security and the effective supply of main agriculture products by a predictable policy set as below：basic cultivated land definition and high standard farmland construction;acceleration of the structural reform of agricultural supply side;improvement of the comprehensive food production capacity and production technology;promotion in market pricing mode and distinguish between market prices and subsidies;participation in the ＂One Road and One Belt＂ strategy;cultivating the new type of high-quality peasants.