长非编码RNA与造血谱系分化

The Roles of Long Non-Coding RNA in Hematopoiesis

全基因组测序分析显示,人类基因组中蛋白质编码基因所占比例不足2%,但高达80%的基因位点可以转录出RNA。在这些非编码RNA(non-coding RNA,nc RNA)中,长度超过200个核苷酸的RNA分子被称为长非编码RNA(long non-coding RNA,lnc RNA)。在血液系统中,基于造血不同分化阶段的转录组测序和分析发现,几乎在造血分化各个阶段都有lnc RNA参与。lnc RNA在维持造血干细胞未分化状态、诱导红细胞脱核成熟、粒细胞定向分化以及淋巴细胞迁移等谱系分化过程中均发挥了不可或缺的作用。lnc RNA作为调控因子在转录、转录后以及翻译等多个水平参与造血谱系分化调控。该文综述了近年来lnc RNA在造血分化领域的研究现状,为后续进一步揭示lnc RNA介导的造血调控网络奠定基础。

Genomic studies have uncovered that less than 2% of human genome encode proteins, while greater than 80% of the genome can be transcribed into RNA, namely non-coding RNA （ncRNA）. Recently, the long non-coding RNA （IncRNA）, whose length is longer than 200 nucleotides, has been emerging as important regulator of cellular functions. The deep transcriptome sequencing data indicate that lncRNA is almost involved in all hematopoietic dif- ferentiation stages, such as maintaining the adult hematopoietic stem cell quiescence, regulating the enucleation of erythroblasts, modulating differentiation and immune response of lymphocytes, and so on. Further analyses reveal that lncRNA regulates the hematopoiesis mostly via transcription or post-transcription mechanism. Here, in this re- view, we will discuss recent advances and future perspectives of lncRNA in hematopoietic development.