抗黄瓜枯萎病丛枝菌根真菌与根围促生细菌组合菌剂的筛选

Selection of combinations of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria against cucumber Fusarium wilt disease

丛枝菌根真菌(AMF)和植物根围促生细菌(PGPR)同时接种具有促生防病的作用。本试验旨在评价AMF与PGPR组合菌剂防治黄瓜枯萎病(Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.cucumerinum)的效果,以获得高效生防菌剂。于温室盆栽条件下将AM F Funneliformis mosseae(Fm)、G lomus intraradices(Gi)和G lomus versiforme(Gv)与PGPR菌株(PR2-1、PS1-3、PS1-5、PS2-6和PS3-2)不同组合菌剂处理黄瓜(Cucumis sativus,品种:香翠16号),测定各处理对黄瓜植株生长量、枯萎病防治效果和黄瓜产量的影响。供试AMF+PGPR各组合菌剂处理能不同程度的增加黄瓜根系AMF侵染率和根围细菌的定殖数量、促进黄瓜生长发育和降低枯萎病危害程度。其中,以Fm+PS3-2和Gv+PS2-6组合菌剂促生和增产效果最好,以Fm+PS1-5、Fm+PS3-2和Gv+PS2-6组合菌剂防治枯萎病效果最好。综合评价筛选获得高效组合为Fm+PS3-2和Gv+PS2-6。这两个处理可使黄瓜枯萎病病情指数分别下降50.0%和58.4%,防效达到54.5%和63.7%,具有一定的田间应用潜力。

Dual inoculations with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi （AMF） and plant growth-promoting rhizobacte- ria （PGPR） improve plant growth and suppress soil-borne diseases. The purpose of the present study is to evalu- ate the efficacy of combinative application of AMF and PGPR to suppress cucumber Fusarium wilt disease, and to obtain effective combinations. The single or dual inoculation with AMF Funneliformis mosseae （Fm）, Glo- mus intraradices （Gi）, and Glornus versiforme （Gv）, and/or PGPR strains （PR2-1, PS1-3, PS1-5, PS2-6 and PS3-2） was employed at the cucumber （Cucumis sativus, cultivar Xiangcui 16） roots challenged with or without inoculation of Fus. oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum. The growth, yield and disease severity were investigated in the greenhouse. Results showed that the combinations of AMF and PGPR enhanced cucumber plant growth and decreased wilt disease to various degree. Among of them, combinations of Fm＋PS3-2 and Gv＋PS2-6 showed the best efficacy in promoting cucumber growth and yield, and combinations of Fm＋PS1-5, Fm＋PS3-2 and Gv＋ PS2-6 gave the best control efficacy. According to the results above, combinations of Fm＋PS3-2 and Gv＋PS2-6 were selected which decreased the wilt disease index by 50.0% and 58.4%, and showed great potential for further application in the field.