外出务工对农村男女性别观念的影响

Migration and Its impact on Rural Migrants' Attitudes towards Gender Roles

文章使用2010年第三期中国妇女社会地位调查数据探讨了外出务工经历对农村男女性别观念的影响。研究发现,外出务工有助于削弱农村人对姓氏继承和性别分工的传统观念,但并未动摇财产继承这一最核心的父系家庭制度,而且外出务工对姓氏继承观念和性别分工观念的影响在女性样本中表现得更加明显。研究认为,进城务工对农村人传统性别观念的削弱作用表现出由表及里、逐层推进的特点;作为传统性别观念的既得利益者,农村男性的传统性别观念很难发生与女性同等程度的转变。

Based on the third National Survey on the Status of Chinese Women in 2010 this paper examines the impacts of migration on the gender-role attitude of rural migrants. The findings show that rural-to-urban migration significantly affected rural migrants＇ traditional attitudes towards continuity of family name and gender-based labor division, but there was little impact on the core beliefs of the patriarchal family system, namely the attitudes towards inheritance of family property. In addition, the impact of migration on the attitudes towards continuity of family name and the attitudes towards gender-based labor division is more significant for women than for men. To summarize, the weakening effect of rural-to-urban migration on migrants＇ traditional gender-role attitude is gradual and is becoming more widespread. As men benefit more from the traditional gender roles, they have more difficulties in changing their attitudes than women.