激进对抗到理性反思:美国女性主义童话改写中的性别政治

From Radical Opposition to Rational Reflection: Gender Politics in American Feminist Fairytale Revisions

在后现代主义颠覆宏大叙事的哲学思潮影响下,女性主义作家们开启了针对经典童话的批判性阅读和创新性改写。一方面,经典童话的意识形态属性为女性主义作家们提供了批判和改写的空间;另一方面,游离于经典之外的异端童话传统又为他们提供了源源不断的灵感和动力。这些改写不仅颠覆和解构了经典童话背后的男权话语和性别政治,并在与异端童话传统的对话过程中重新书写了童话传统。从早期视男性为仇敌的激进对抗,到当代对两性关系的冷静反思,女性主义童话叙事整体趋势上的转变既反映了社会文化语境的变迁,也显示出女性主义者对于性别政治新的理解与认识。

Under the influence of postmodemist subversion of grand narratives, feminist writers have embarked on the critical re-reading and innovative rewriting of classic fairy tales. On the one hand, the conservative ideology embedded in classic fairy tales has given reason for criticism and rewriting, and on the other hand, the rival tradition of heretical stories has offered inexhaustible inspiration and motivation for revisions. Not only have these revisions disrupted and deconstructed the patriarchal discourse and gender politics behind the classic fairy tales, but they have also rewritten and reconstructed the narrative tradition of fairy tales through a dynamic dialogue with heretical stories. In terms of gender politics, feminist fairytale revisions have undergone a shift from earlier radical opposition to patriarchal discourse to contemporary rational reflection of their situations. This shift in emphasis not only reflects the changes in the social and cultural contexts, but also reveals the feminist writers＇ renewed perception and knowledge of gender politics.