新疆天山一号冰川10种真藓属植物叶片结构的研究

Leaf Structure of Ten Species of Bryum Dill from No.1 Glacier of Tianshan Mountains

对新疆天山一号冰川的10种真藓属植物的叶片结构进行解剖学观察,探究其叶片的形态特征与环境的关系和分类学意义,结果表明:这10种真藓植物叶片细胞中的细胞质较浓,中肋具大型的主细胞和较发达的小型厚壁细胞,叶的细胞壁加厚且在干时表面向内凹陷,大多数叶片表面具有颗粒及菱形、纵形等不同形状纹饰等,这些都是植物为了提高自身的抗寒耐旱性,减少水分蒸发,增强导水作用对环境的适应性。虽然有的种类亲缘关系很近,叶片具有相似之处,但用石蜡切片和扫描电镜相结合的方法可以较容易和准确地将它们区分开来,为真藓属植物的分类补充一些理论依据。

Anatomical structure of the leaf of ten species of Bryum Dill from No. 1 glacier of Tianshan Mountains was observed to explore the relationship between leaf morphological characteristics and environment and its taxonomic significance. The results indicated that： The leaf cells of these 10 species had thick cytoplasm. Middle ribs had large primary cells and well developed small-thick-wall-cells. The cell wall of leaf was thickened and the surface was concaved inwardly while being dried. The leaf surface of most species had particles and different ornamentation,such as rhombic,longitudinal ones etc. These characters were all the adaptabilities to environment for plants to improve cold resistance and drought resistance,to reduce moisture evaporation,and to enhance water conduction. Although some species with similar leaf structures were closely related,but they could be easily and accurately identified by combining paraffin sectioning and SEM technique.The results could provide some theoretical basis for classification of Bryum Dil.