氮肥与行距对不同生育期虉草产量与品质的调控效应

Regulating effect of nitrogen fertilizer and row spacing on yield and quality of Phalaris arundinacea at different growth stages

以通草1号虉草(Phalaris arundinacea cv.Tongcao No.1)为供试材料,采用行距(30、50、70cm)和施氮量(含氮量为0、46、92kg·hm^(-2))二因素裂区试验设计,研究了行距与施氮量对不同生育时期虉草营养成分含量的影响。结果表明,氮肥与行距对虉草产量和品质影响明显。随施氮量增加,各生育时期虉草产量、粗蛋白、粗灰分、钙和磷含量升高,而无氮浸出物含量下降。抽穗期虉草粗纤维和酸性洗涤纤维含量随施氮量增加而降低,而成熟期和秋季再生期随施氮量增加反而升高。随着行距增加各生育时期虉草产量下降。在9个处理组合中,以行距30cm、施氮量92kg·hm^(-2)组合抽穗期和成熟期草产量最高,以行距70cm、施氮量92kg·hm^(-2)组合饲草品质最好。抽穗期是虉草刈割利用的适宜时期,种植行距30cm、施氮92kg·hm^(-2)时可获得较高的饲草产量和粗蛋白质产量。

Reed canarygrass Tongcao No.1（Phalaris arundinacea cv.Tongcao No.1）was used as test material,two factors of nitrogen application level（0,46,and 92kg·hm^-2）and row spacing（30,50 and 70cm）were designed,a field complete split-plot experiment was conducted to study the effects of row spacing and nitrogen fertilizer application level on the yield and nutritional contents of reed canarygrass at different growth stages.The results showed that：the yield and quality of reed canarygrass were influenced significantly by nitrogen fertilizer application level and row spacing.With an increase of nitrogen level,forage yield and contents of crude protein,calcium and phosphorus of reed canarygrass increased and the nitrogen free extract contents decreased at different growth stages.CF content and ADF content of reed canarygrass at heading decreased and increased at maturity stag and regrowth stage.The yield of reed canarygrass at different growth stages decreased with an increase of row spacing.Among nine treatment combinations,there were higher forage yield in A30B92 treatment at heading and maturity stage,and there was higher forage quality in A70B92 treatment.Reed canarygrass Tongcao No.1can obtained higher forage yield and crude protein content when the planting row spacing was 30 cm and the nitrogen rate was 92kg·hm^-2,and the period of suitable cutting utilization was heading stage.