补饲水平对甘肃高山细毛羊血液指标及其羔羊体重的影响

Effects of supplemental level on serum biochemical indexes and body weight of Gansu Alpine Merino lambs

本研究根据40kg中国美利奴泌乳母羊泌乳量分别为0.8、1.0和1.2kg时所需营养物质的饲养标准,配制了精粗比分别为5∶5、6∶4和7∶3的3种营养水平日粮Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ,对甘肃高山细毛羊泌乳母羊进行冬春季放牧补饲试验,同时以牧户自行补饲少量精料、玉米粒及大量青干草的泌乳羊为对照组。通过测定各组试验羊的血清生化指标和母羊及羔羊的体重变化,探索出适宜的草料供给与营养均衡模式。结果表明,血清葡萄糖(GLU)含量日粮Ⅲ摄入组最高,极显著高于对照组(P<0.01),尿素氮(BUN)含量对照组显著高于其余3组(P<0.05),胆固醇(CHO)含量日粮Ⅱ摄入组显著(P<0.05)或极显著(P<0.01)高于其余3组;试验末期总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(ALB)、谷草转氨酶(AST)和谷丙转氨酶(ALT)含量为日粮Ⅱ摄入组最高,均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),而乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)含量日粮Ⅱ和Ⅲ摄入组显著低于其余两组(P<0.05);日粮Ⅱ和Ⅲ摄入组母羊日增重显著(P<0.05)或极显著(P<0.01)高于其余两组。总体来看,日粮Ⅱ和Ⅲ的摄入对母羊血清生化指标及羔羊体重都有显著影响,但为了降低饲养成本,避免能量和蛋白过剩,在放牧的同时补饲日粮Ⅱ为最佳的选择。

According to the lactation yields（0.8,1.0and 1.2kg,respectively）and feeding standard of 40 kg Chinese Merino lactation ewes,three daily rations（Ⅰ,ⅡandⅢ）with different nutritional levels corresponding to the forage to concentrate ratios of 5∶5,6∶4and 7∶3were confected in this study.These rations were used to conduct grazing supplementary feeding experiment in winter and spring for Gansu Alpine Merino,and those lactation ewes of feeding a small amount of concentrates,niblet and large number of green hay were designed as control group.By measuring the serum biochemical indicators of experimental sheep from each group and the change of body weight of ewes and lambs of Gansu Alpine Merino,this study aimed to explore an appropriate forage supply and nutritionally balanced model.The results suggested that the content of serum GLU by feeding dietⅢ was the highest,which extremely significantly higher than that of control group（P〈0.01）.The content of BUN in control group was significantly higher than those of another 3groups（P〈0.05）,while the content of CHO in dietⅡ was significantly（P〈0.05）or extremely significantly（P〈0.01）higher than those of another 3groups.The contents of TP,ALB,AST,ALT in dietⅡ was in the highest level,and significantly higher than that of control group（P〈0.05）,while the content of LDH in dietⅡandⅢ were significantly lower than those of another 2groups（P〈0.05）.The average daily gain of ewe in groups fed by dietⅡandⅢ was significantly（P〈0.05）or extremely significantly（P〈0.01）higher than those of another 2groups.Correspondingly,average daily gain of lambs in dietⅡ and Ⅲ groups was significantly higher than other two groups.Overall,there exists significant influence on serum biochemical indexes and weight of lambs by feeding dietⅡandⅢ.However,in order to reduce the feeding cost and avoid the excess of energy and protein,feeding dietⅡ along with grazing is the optimal option.