微生物降解玉米秸秆的研究进展

Research Progress of Microbial Degradation of Corn Straw

我国作为玉米生产大国,每年产生的玉米秸秆约8亿t,由于秸秆茎叶表皮角质层和硅细胞的阻抑、纤维素链分子结晶结构的高抗蚀性等限制因素的存在,使其难以利用。使用微生物降解的方法提高玉米秸秆利用率,具有条件温和、无污染、经济成本低等优点,在未来研究玉米秸秆降解中具有极大的应用前景。文章从微生物细菌、丝状真菌、放线菌以及复合菌系降解木质纤维素方面进行综述,以期为研究玉米秸秆的综合利用提供参考依据。

China is the largest producer of corn and corn stalk annually produced adds up to eight hundred million tons. Stratum corneum of straw stalk leaf and silicon cell repressor, high corrosion resistance of cellulose chain molecule crystal structure and other constraints make corn stalk difficult to use. The method of microbial degradation for improving corn stalk utilization has the advantages of mild conditions, no pollution, low cost, etc., and therefore, it will have a bright application pros- pect in the researches on degradation of corn stalk. This article summarizes the aspects of microor- ganisms, degradation of lignocellulose from bacteria, filamentous fungi, actinomycetes and compos- ite strains in order to provide reference for researches on comprehensive utilization of corn stalk.