秸秆深还机具特点和作业效率分析

Analysis of Characteristics and Working Efficiency of Corn Straw Deep Soil Returning Machine

秸秆深埋还田(秸秆深还)作为一种新兴的秸秆还田模式,其机具有别于地表覆盖还田和铧式犁翻压还田。为了科学管理、合理运用秸秆深还机械,提高机组的作业效率,在调查测试秸秆深还作业的基础上,对机具的特点进行了分析,同时对测试机组分别进行了时间利用率和作业效率分析。结果表明:对于各个机具的作业时间利用率和总作业效率影响因素有所不同。作业速度、幅宽、故障维修和地头转向是影响机械作业效率的主要因素。根据调查和分析的结果,针对秸秆深还作业中存在的问题提出了机组的合理运行模式。

As a newly developed corn straw returning mode, corn straw deep soil returning machines were different from straw surface coverage and furrow ploughing soil returning machines. To scientifi- cally manage and properly use corn straw deep soil returning machines and to improve the efficiency of working units, the characteristics of the machines were analyzed on the basis of investigation and field test. Time utilization rate and working efficiency were analyzed at the same time. The results showed that the factors that affected time utilization ratio and the total operation efficiency for every machine were different. Operating speed, work width, fault repair and field end turning were the main factors affecting machine working efficiency. According to the results of the investigation and a- nalysis, the reasonable application mode aimed at the problems existing in corn straw deep soil retur- ning was put forward. The application mode will lay foundation for developing integrated corn straw deep soil returning machine.