W波段回旋管收集极横向场扫描散焦系统的设计与仿真

Design and Simulation of Transversal Field Sweeping System for W-Band Gyrotron Collector

回旋管收集极是高功率回旋管,尤其是连续波回旋管的重要组成部件。本文针对W波段连续波回旋振荡管,根据电磁场理论并利用粒子模拟仿真软件设计了一套横向场扫描散焦系统(TFSS),在TFSS的作用下,电子注在收集极内表面的电子注功率密度分布比较均匀,且收集极单位面积上的电子负荷较低,电子注功率密度≤130 W/cm2;分析了TFSS设计参数(TFSS轴向位置和磁场线包的工作电流)的变化对收集极壁上电子注功率密度的影响;利用有限元软件ANSYS并结合粒子模拟仿真软件获得了收集极壁上的电子注载荷,对收集极进行了不同热流密度加载方式下的热分析,结果表明收集极在非均匀热流密度加载方式下的内外表面温度比在均匀热流密度加载下的内外表面温度高约20℃;根据热分析结果,所设计的水冷系统相关参数可以满足回旋管制管的工程要求。

Thetransverse field sweeping system（ TFSS） of the high power,W-band continuous wave（ CW） gyrotron collector was modeled,analyzed in the electron-magnetic theory,and numerically simulated and designed with software particle-in-cell（ PIC）. The impact of the perturbation of the optimized TFSS,including its location and coil current,on the power density of the collector was investigated. The simulated results show that the power density,≤130 W / cm^2,uniformly distributed in the collector. Moreover,the influence of the uniform and non-uniform heat fluxes and single-channel water cooling on the temperature distributions on the surfaces of the collector was calculated with software ANSYS. The thermal analysis show that the single-channel water cooling does a good job and that the temperature difference between the inside / outside surfaces of the collector strongly depends on the heating modes.The temperature difference heated by non-uniform heat-flux was 20℃ higher than that heated by uniform heat-flux.