内源性抗体对临床免疫检测的干扰及对策

Interference of endogenous antibody in clinical immunoassay and its countermeasure

内源性干扰抗体是临床免疫检测中一类重要的干扰物质，它可桥接捕获抗体与标记抗体导致检测结果假性增高，也可直接结合抗体的可变区或高变区，借助空间位阻阻遏抗原与抗体的特异性反应并诱发检测结果假性下降，故掌握内源性干扰抗体的种类及其干扰临床免疫检测的机制，并建立适当的识别与确认干扰的策略，有利于降低临床免疫检测错误结果和医疗风险的发生。

Endogenous-interfering antibody is a kind of interfering substances which is important in clinical immunoassay. Endogenous-interfering antibody can bridge the capture antibody and labeled antibody together, which leads to the increase of false results. In addition, endogenous-interfering antibody can directly bind to the variable region or hypervariable region of antibodies in the reagent, therefore inhibiting antigen-antibody specific reaction through steric hindrance, which cause the false decrease of the assay result. Thus, understanding the category of endogenous-interfering antibody, deciphering the interference mechanism and establishment of proper countermeasure for identifying and confirming interference in clinical immunoassay, is helpful to reduce false results in clinical immunoassay and medical risks.