基于GIS的云南省人口空间分布研究

Study on Spatial Distribution of Population in Yunnan Province Based on GIS

为了解云南省2000-2010年人口空间变化的动态特征,以及量化人口在空间和数量上分布的不均衡性.文章利用2000年和2010年云南省各县级行政单元的人口密度数据,借助Arc GIS地统计学的方法对人口密度数据作探索性数据分析.结果表明,近十年间人口密度的空间分布均为高狭峰型正偏态分布;人口密度趋势自西向东呈增加趋势,人口密度在南北向的空间分布格局中表现为中部高,南北低;通过交叉验证法得到研究区域的人口密度空间分布的最优拟合模型;对数克里格法插值图结果显示人口密度分布不均匀,空间分布格局划分明显;基于人口密度分级及各人口密度分布等级区域的差异研究表明,整体人口密度呈增加趋势,人口空间分布有向东部、南部扩展延伸的趋向,云南近1/3的人口集中分布于不到1/10的国土面积上,接近2/3的国土面积上居住不到1/3的人口,揭示了云南省人口分布的不均衡性空间规律.

In order to understand the characteristics of the spatial change of population from 2000 to 2010 in Yunnan province, and to quantitative the imbalance of the spatial distribution and number of population. In this paper, according to the data of population density of county level administrative unit in 2000 and 2010 in Yunnan Province, using the method of exploratory data analysis to analysis population density based on the geostatistical a- nalysis in ArcGIS. The results show that the spatial distribution of population density of Yunnan Province is in a high narrow range in recent ten years ; The curve fitting of the population density showed a trend of increasing from west to east ,the density is high on middle area and low on north and south parts;The model obtained from the cross- validation is the best fitted curve model, and the spatial distribution of population density is uneven and spatial distribution pattern of division is obvious by Logarithmic kriging method;The researches based on the popu- lation density grading and the regional differences in population density distribution level have show that the over- all population density is increasing, and the population distribution have a tendency to expand in the east and south, close to 1/3 of the Yunnan population is concentrated in less than 1/10 of the land area, and close to 2/3 of the land area is inhabited by 1 ess than 30% of the population. The result reveals a better space law of the imbal- ance of the spatial distribution of population in Yunnan province.