硫酸铜对斑石鲷幼鱼的急性毒性及对眼点淀粉卵涡鞭虫的杀灭效果

Acute Toxicity towards Juvenile Spotted Knifejaw(Oplegnathus puncatus) and Eradication Effect on Amyloodinium ocellatum of Copper Sulfate

斑石鲷是海水养殖鱼类新品种,对其病害的研究较少。2014年7月和2015年5月国内某斑石鲷育苗场暴发卵鞭虫病,导致幼鱼大量死亡,造成了较大的经济损失。为了安全、有效地防治该病,开展了硫酸铜对斑石鲷幼鱼的急性毒性实验以及对眼点淀粉卵涡鞭虫的杀灭实验。在水温23～25℃、盐度30、体积20L的养殖海水中,采用静水试验法,对平均全长4cm的健康斑石鲷幼鱼进行硫酸铜急性毒性实验,得出CuSO_4·5H_2O对斑石鲷幼鱼的安全浓度为2.22mg/L;用浓度为0.10～0.70mg/L的CuSO_4·5H_2O无菌海水溶液,在25℃恒温条件下处理眼点淀粉卵涡鞭虫涡孢子和包囊体,结果发现0.40mg/L的CuSO_4·5H_2O可完全杀灭涡孢子,0.70mg/L的CuSO_4·5H_2O可完全抑制包囊体的分裂。因此,在防治斑石鲷幼鱼卵鞭虫病时,CuSO_4·5H_2O的安全有效使用浓度为0.70～2.22mg/L。该研究为育苗生产中有效防治斑石鲷卵鞭虫病提供了参考依据。

Spotted knifejaw （Oplegnathus puncatus） is one of the new marine fishes in China, and there are few studies on the diseases of Spotted knifejaw. Outbreaks of Amyloodinium ocellatum were reported in a fish hatchery in July 2014 and May 2015, which resulted in mass mortality of hatchery-reared Spotted knifejaw juveniles and large financial loss. In order to prevent and control Amyloodinium ocellatum safely and efficiently, acute toxicity test of copper sulfate （CuSO4） towards Juvenile Spotted knifejaw was conducted and the eradication effect of CuSO4 on Amyloodinium ocellatum was also identified. In this study, healthy Spotted knifejaw juveniles （about 4 cm in average total length） were used to investigate the acute toxicity of CuSO4. Through hydrostatic test, results showed safe concentration of CuSO4 · 5H2O towards Spotted knifejaw juveniles was 2.22 rag/L, under conditions of 20 L seawater, water temperature of 23-25 ℃ and salinity of 30. Treated by sterile sea water containing copper sulfate （water temperature of 25 ℃, CuSO4 · 5H2O concentration of 0.10-0.70 mg/L）, dinospores of Amyloodinium ocellatum could be completely killed by 0.40 mg/L of CuSO4· 5H2Oand the division of tomonts could be entirely inhibited by 0.70 mg/L of CuSO4 · 5H2O, Hence, the safe and effective concentration of CuSO4 · 5H20 used to cure Amyloodiniosis of Spotted knifejaw juveniles was 0.70-2.22 mg/L. This study provided important basis for the treatment of Amyloodiniosis of Spotted knifejaw juveniles.