生地炭对阴虚内热出血模型大鼠的影响

Carbonized Rehmannia Root on Yin Deficiency with Internal Bleeding Model in Rats

目的:通过建立符合中医辨证用药特点的阴虚内热出血大鼠模型,并在此基础上初步探讨生地炭凉血止血作用的机制。方法:采用干姜水煎剂灌胃,并以5%乙醇代替自由饮水相结合的方法建立阴虚内热出血大鼠模型,观察大鼠肛温的变化,测定全血和血浆黏度,血浆凝血酶原时间(PT)、凝血酶时间(TT)、活化部分凝血活酶时间(APTT)、纤维蛋白原(FIB)含量,肉眼观察大鼠舌、肺、胃、肝、肾组织学变化情况。结果:模型组大鼠舌色稍红,胃黏膜无明显损伤,双侧肺脏色泽灰暗,暗红色瘀斑瘀点较多见,肺叶表面有较多出血部位,多呈点状、条索状和圆斑状;肝脏、肾脏均可见瘀血点。与空白组比较,模型组灌胃干姜水煎剂及5%乙醇代替自由饮水7 d后,肛温有所升高(P<0.05),造模给药14 d后,肛温明显升高(P<0.01);与空白组比较,模型组全血高切、中切、低切黏度明显增加(P<0.05),血浆黏度明显增加(P<0.05);与空白组比较,模型组大鼠PT、TT、APTT延长(P<0.05),FIB含量相对增加(P<0.05),以上指标共同表明造模成功。与模型组比较,生地黄组在给药13 d后明显降低了肛温(P<0.01),表明生地黄发挥了其清热凉血的作用。阳性对照组和生地炭组降低肛温的效果不与模型组比较,生地炭组明显降低了全血高切、中切、低切黏度(P<0.05),显著降低了血浆黏度(P<0.01);与模型组比较生地炭组能明显缩短PT、TT、APTT(P<0.05),降低FIB含量(P<0.05);生地炭组舌象和胃黏膜正常,肝脏、肺脏、肾脏形态结构均基本正常,肝脏、肾脏无明显瘀血,肺脏有轻微瘀血。结论:生地炭通过影响内、外源性凝血途径、降低FIB含量,降低全血高切、中切、低切黏度及血浆黏度,共同发挥了凉血止血的作用。

Objective ： By establishing the rat models accord with the characteristics of syndrome differentiation of TCM Yin deficiency with internal bleeding,preliminarily to discuss the mechanism of carbonized radix rehmanuiae on cooling blood and stopping bleeding. Methods ：Use dried ginger water decoction by lavage and combined with 5% ethanol in place of free water method to establish the rat model with Yin deficiency with internal bleeding, and then observe the changes of rats anus temperature, whole blood and plasma viscosity, blood plasma prothrombin time （PT）, thrombin time （TT）, activated partial clotting enzyme live time （APTr） and the content of fibrinogen （FIB）. By macroscopic observation,the tongue, lung, stomach, liver and renal histological changes were observed. Results ： Tongue color was a bit red in the model group and the rats gastric mucosa had no obvious damage. The lungs were dark,with dark red petechiae. The lung lobe had more bleeding, forming a dot, funicular or porphyritic. The livers and kidneys had blood stasis dots. Compared with the blank group,7 d after tavage by dried ginger water decoction and 5% etha- nol in place of free drinking water in the model group, the anal temperature was increased （P 〈 0. 05 ）. 14 d after establishing and administration,the anal temperature was increased significantly （P 〈 0.01 ）. Compared with the blank group, the model group＇s whole blood high shear, middle shear and low shear viscosity increased significantly （ P 〈 0. 05 ） and the plasma viscosity increased significantly （P 〈 0.05 ）. Compared with the blank group, the model group＇s PT, Tr and APTr were prolonged （P 〈 0.05） and the FIB levels relatively increased （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. The above indicators showed that the model was successfully established. Compared with model group, the radix rehmanniae group significantly lowered the anal temperature after dosing 13 d （P 〈 0. 01 ）, indicating that raw radix rehmanniae plays the role of cooling blood and stopping bleeding. Positive control group and radix rehmanniae carbon group reduced the anus temperature effect （P 〉 0. 05）. Compared with model group, the carbonized radix reh- manniae group significantly lowered the anal temperature after dosing 13 d （P 〈 0. 05 ）. Compared with model group, the carbon- ized radix rehmanniae group obviously lowered the whole blood high shear, middle shear and low shear viscosity （P 〈 O. 05 ） and significantly reduced the blood viscosity （P 〈 0.01 ）. Compared with model group,the carbonized radix rehmanniae group can ob- viously shorten PT,TT and APTT （P 〈0. 05 ） and lower FIB levels （P 〈0. 05 ）. Tongue pictures and gastric mucosa in the car- bonized radix rehmanniae group were normal. Livers,lungs and kidneys＇ morphology are essentially normal. There was no obvious blood stasis in livers, kidneys or lungs. Conclusion：The carbonized radix rehmanniae by influencing the internal and external eoag- ulation pathway, reduces the content of FIB, whole blood high shear, middle shear and low shear viscosity and plasma viscosity, to- gether playing the role of the cooling blood and stopping bleeding.