新生儿坏死性小肠结肠炎的早期观察及护理措施

Early observation and nursing for neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis

目的:回顾性分析新生儿坏死性小肠结肠炎早期的发病特点,并给予相应的观察和护理,以提高患儿的抢救成功率及和生存质量。方法:选取2009年9月-2014年12月在我科住院诊断为NEC的新生儿70例,根据患儿胎龄分为足月儿组和早产儿组,对两组患儿的早期症状进行比较分析。结果:足月儿组以呕吐、便血为主要表现,早产儿则以纳差、反应差、肠鸣音减弱、皮肤颜色及肌张力低下为主表现,其中患儿胎龄、体重及围产期高危因素与疾病的治愈率呈负相关。结论:熟悉NEC的早期症状并及时给予护理措施,是提高患儿治愈率的关键。

Objective： To retrospectively analyze incidence characteristics of early neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis, and give nursing in order to improve efficiency and quality of life. Methods： From September 2009 to December 2014, 70 cases were divided into the term infant group and the premature infant group. Early clinical symptoms in groups were compared. Results： The main clinical symptoms in the term infant group were vomiting and blood in the stool, and in the premature infant group were anorexia, poor response, hyperactive bowel sounds, abnormal complexion and hypotonus. Gestational age, weight and perinatal risk factors were negatively associated with cure rate. Conclusion： Acquainting NEC early clinical symptoms and giving nursing timely could improve clinical efficacy.