温度及光周期对烟蚜茧蜂滞育的影响

Effects of temperature and photoperiod on diapause of Aphidius gifuensis Ashmead

为探明适合植烟区烟蚜茧蜂大规模繁殖及存贮的条件,采用温室梯度变温及光温交互作用的方法,研究了不同条件下烟蚜茧蜂滞育率的变化。结果表明,短光照(L∶D=8∶16)条件下,温度0℃、5℃和10℃的处理烟蚜茧蜂滞育率分别为71.12%、55.50%和45.71%;长光照(L∶D=14∶10)条件下,3个温度处理后烟蚜茧蜂的滞育率分别为44.53%、24.18%和0。在25℃和30℃温度条件下,无论长光照或短光照均未诱导出滞育个体。说明低温和短光照的交互作用能诱导出更多的烟蚜茧蜂滞育个体,长光照和高温则抑制烟蚜茧蜂的滞育。

In order to investigate the optimal condition for mass rearing and storage of Aphidius gifuensis Ashmead, the variation of diapause rate of a dominant endoparasitoid of Myzus persicae （Sulzer） in tobacco-planting areas were studied under different temperatures and photoperiods. The results showed that under short-day condition （Light：Dark=8：16） at the temperature of 0 ℃, 5 ℃ and 10 ℃, the diapause rate of A. gifuensis was 71.12%, 55.50% and 45.71%, respectively; while under long-day condition （Light：Dark=14：10） at the same temperature, the diapause rate decreased to 44.53%, 24.18% and 0, respectively. However, the diapause of endoparasitoids was not induced at 25℃ and 30 ℃ either under long-day or short-day condition. It indicated that the interaction between low temperature and short-day increased the diapause rate of A. gifuensis, while long-day and high temperature inhibited its diapause.