网络预约出租车经营服务行政许可设定权分析——以国务院令第412号附件第112项为分析视角

Analysis of Administrative License Enactment Rights of Network Booking Taxi Business Service: From a Perspective of the State Council Decree No. 412, Item 112

"互联网+"催生了网络预约出租车这一新型经营业态的产生和发展。为适应这一新经济模式的发展,便利公众出行,维护出行安全,交通运输部等多个部门发布的《网络预约出租汽车经营服务管理暂行办法》对经营单位、营运车辆和驾驶员所应获得的行政许可作了规定。这一规定权来源于2004年国务院令第412号国务院决定所设定的行政许可。依照《行政许可法》,国务院决定设定的行政许可为临时性行政许可。国务院决定在设定临时性行政许可过程中的程序以及许可内容本身存在一定的法律瑕疵。为规范出租车经营活动,应当改变依据临时性行政许可对网络预约出租车进行行政许可的模式,并制定将网络预约出租车和传统出租车一体化管理的行政法规,以实现对出租车行业的常态监管,不仅适应"互联网+"、分享经济背景下的法律应对,也体现政府通过常态性行政监管方式实现对公民权利的保护。

＂Internet Plus＂ creates and develops a new business format of network booking taxi. In order to adapt to the development of this new economic model, facilitate public travel, and maintain travel safety, Ministry of Transport and other departments have issued ＂Interim Network Booking Taxi Service Management Interim Measures＂ stipulating that business units, operating vehicles and drivers should acquire the administrative licenses. This power derives from the administrative licenses set by the State Council Decree No. 412 that the State Council decided to enact in 2004. In accordance with the ＂Administrative Licensing Law＂, the administrative licenses that the State Council decided to enact belong to temporary administrative licenses. There are legal flaws in the procedures for the establishment of the temporary administrative licenses and the content of the license itself that the State Council decided to enact. In order to standardize the taxi business activities, it is necessary to change the mode of administrative licenses to make an appointment to taxis on the network according to the temporary administrative licenses, and to formulate the administrative rules and regulations of integrated management of network reservation taxis and traditional taxis in order to realize the normal regulation of the taxi industry Regulation, not only adapts to the ＂Internet Plus＂ and sharing economy, but also reflects the protection of civil rights by governments through normal administrative supervision modes.