广州地区产科医护人员职业压力与心理健康状况分析

Analysis on occupational stress and psychological health status of obstetric medical staff in Guangzhou region

目的分析影响广州地区产科医护人员心理健康的职业压力源。方法采用自填式问卷对随机抽取的产科医护人员进行调查,采用医护人员工作压力源量表调查职业压力,采用焦虑自评量表和抑郁自评量表调查心理健康状况。应用多重线性回归分析产科医护人员职业压力与抑郁或焦虑倾向的关系。结果所调查的281名产科医护人员中,78.8%报告工作压力大或者很大,主要工作压力源来自外部环境[(3.57±0.58)分]、工作负荷[(3.24±0.61)分]和组织管理[(2.89±0.57)分]。产科医护人员焦虑或抑郁倾向的检出率分别为41.6%和48.4%。与焦虑倾向明显相关的工作压力源为人际关系(β=0.265,P<0.001)和职业发展(β=0.175,P<0.05);与抑郁倾向明显相关的工作压力源为人际关系(β=0.302,P<0.001)、职业兴趣(β=0.247,P<0.001)和职业发展(β=0.157,P<0.05)。结论广州地区产科医护人员心理健康状况不佳,人际关系和职业发展与产科医护人员心理健康密切相关,应提供相应的干预服务,维护和改善产科医护人员心理健康。

Objective To analyze occupational stress source of psychological health of obstetric medical staff in Guangzhou region. Methods A self-administered questionnaire was used to survey the obstetric medical staff selected randomly, .occupational stress source scale of medical staff was used to survey occupational stress, Self-rating Anxiety Scale （SAS） and Self-rating Depression Scale （SDS） were used to survey psychological health status. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to analyze the relationship between occupational stress of obstetric medical staff and depression or anxiety. Results Among all the 281 participants, 78.8% of them reported a high pressure from work. The main sources were external environment （mean score： 3. 57±0. 58） , work burden （mean score： 3.24±0. 61 ） , and organization management （mean score： 2. 89：t：0. 57 ） . The prevalence rates of anxiety and depression were 41.6% and 48. 4% , respectively. Interpersonal relationship （β=0. 265, P〈0. 001 ） and career development （β =0. 175, P〈0. 05 ） were significantly related to anxiety, while inter- personal relationship （ β =0. 302, P〈0. 001 ）, occupational interest （ β = 0. 247, P〈0. 001 ）, and career development （β = 0. 157, P〈 0. 05） were significantly related to depression. Conclusion Psychological health status of obstetric medical staff in Guangzhou region is poor, interpersonal relationship and career development are closely correlated with psychological health of obstetric medical staff, corresponding intervention services should be provided to maintain and improve psychological health of obstetric medical staff.