北京市产科床位资源现状分析

Analysis of current situation of beds resources in Department of Obstetrics in Beijing

目的了解北京市助产机构产科床位资源现状,为政府出台应对生育高峰的决策提供依据。方法通过统一问卷对北京市所有助产机构进行现况调查,同时收集2013年10月、11月及2014年10月、11月所有机构产科住院病历相关数据。结果北京市活产数呈逐年上升趋势,2014年全年达248 814人,各级助产机构床位数也呈增加趋势,但床位增加比例不能满足活产增加比例。相比2013年,除外一级机构病床周转次数略有降低外,各级助产机构无论产科病床周转次数还是病床周转率均有所增加,二三级助产机构产科病床周转次数分别达61.28、86.67,病床周转率分别达到88.85%、108.83%;相比2013年,病床效率指数除一级机构无变化外,各级助产机构均有增加,二三级助产机构分别为2.72、5.55。2015年每千活产拥有产科床位数相比2013年,除一级机构外均有不同程度降低,目前三级机构数值最低,为15.23张;除一级机构外,各级助产机构每床活产数均较2013年有所增加,三级机构增加最多,每床活产数增加5人,现为66人/张;三级、二级、一级、营利性机构产科床位供需比值分别为:0.80、1.03、7.51、2.56。结论北京市产科床位配置不足,二三级助产机构产科床位处于高效运行阶段,一级及营利性助产机构产科床位还有使用空间。

Objective To understand the current situation of maternity beds resources in Department of Obstetrics in Beijing, provide a basis for government decision-making for baby boom. Methods A unified questionnaire was used to survey current situation of maternity hospitals in Beijing, the related data of medical records in Department of Obstetrics in October and November in 2013, October and November in 2014 was collected. Results There was an upward trend in the number of live births in Beijing, which was up to 248 814 persons in 2014. The number of maternity beds in maternity hospitals at all levels showed an increasing trend, but the increasing percentage of maternity beds could not match the increasing percentage of live births. Compared with 2013, bed turnover rate and times increased except primary maternity hospitals; bed turnover times in secondary and tertiary maternity hospitals were 61.28 and 86. 67, respectively; bed turnover rates in secondary and tertiary maternity hospitals were 88. 85% and 108. 83%, respectively. Compared with 2013, maternity bed efficiency index increased except primary maternity hospitals ; maternity bed efficiency indexes in secondary and tertiary maternity hospitals were 2. 72 and 5.55, respectively. Compared with 2013, the maternity beds per thousand live births in 2015 decreased except primary maternity hospitals, which was the lowest in tertiary maternity hospitals （15. 23 beds）. Compared with 2013, the number of live births per bed increased expect primary maternity hospitals, which was the highest in tertiary maternity hospitals （66 persons per person）, increasing by 5 persons. The supply and demand ratios of maternity beds in tertiary, secondary, primary, and profit-making maternity hospitals were 0. 80, 1.03, 7. 51, and 2. 56, respectively. Conclusion The allocation of maternity beds in Department of Obstetrics in Beijing is insufficient, maternity beds in secondary and tertiarymaternity hospitals are running efficiently, but maternity beds in primary and profit-makingmaternity hospitals are surplus.