沈阳市0～1岁儿童眼病筛查结果分析

Analysis of screening results of eye diseases among the infants under one year in Shenyang

目的探索婴儿期眼病筛查的可行性，了解婴儿期眼病的发病情况和筛查及干预措施的方法。方法自2009年12月1日-2012年6月30日，在沈阳市妇幼保健中心就诊的0—1岁婴儿2915例（5830眼）进行眼部症状询问和客观体征检查，并对部分疾病进行医学干预，计算眼病检出率、干预有效率，对婴幼儿患病率较高的睑内翻、鼻泪管阻塞、斜视和内眦赘皮数据，行卡方检验，进行统计学分析。结果共检出眼病30种，检出率为32．14％。居于前4位的眼病及患病率为：睑内翻（16．59％）、鼻泪管阻塞（5．13％）、斜视（3．91％）和内眦赘皮（3．57％）；比较各年龄组之间患病率，睑内翻、鼻泪管阻塞、斜视的患病率差异有统计学意义（χ^2值分别为47．415、23．297和6．456，均P〈0．05）；内眦赘皮患病率差异无统计学意义（χ^2=0．420，P〉0．05）。结论0—1岁儿童眼病检出率较高，眼病筛查对早期发现和早期治疗是非常重要的，在沈阳地区开展眼病筛查是有必要的。

Objective To explore the feasibility of infantile eye diseases screening, investigate the prevalence and intervention measures of infantile eye diseases. Methods A total of 2 915 infants （5 830 eyes） under one year were selected from the hospital from December 1st, 2009 to June 30th, 2012 ; ocular symptoms were enquired, and objective signs examination was performed, partial diseases were intervened ; the detection rate of eye diseases and effective rate of intervention were calculated ; the data of infantile eye diseases with high prevalence （ entropi- on; obstruction of naso-lacrimal duct, strabism, andepicanthus） was analyzed statistically using chi-square test. Results Thirty kinds of infantile eye diseases were detected, the detection rate was 32. 14%. The top four infantile eye diseases were entropion （16. 59% ）, obstruction of naso-lacrimal duct （5. 13% ）, strabism （3.91%）, and epicanthus （3.57%） ; there was statistically significant difference in the incidence rates of entropion, obstruction of naso-lacrimal duct, and strabism among different age groups （χ^2 =47. 415, 23.297, 6. 456, P〈0. 05） ; there was no statistically significant difference in the incidence rate of epicanthus among different age groups （χ^2 =0. 420, P〉0. 05） . Conclusion The detection rate of eye diseases among the infants under one year in Shenyang is high, eye diseases screening for early detection and early treatment is very important, it is necessary to carry out eye diseases screening in Shenyang area.