流动儿童就学引发的城市代课教师问题解析

Analysis of City Substitute Teachers in Migrant Children Education

由规模化的流动儿童进城读书引发的城市代课教师问题,正在成为我国城市义务教育治理中的政策难题。基于教育公平的国家偏好、基于自我利益考量的地方偏好,以及基于妥协式就业的个体偏好之间的冲突和妥协,构成了城市代课教师"诞生"的表层政策逻辑。这一问题从根本上反映了我国城市化进程中城乡义务教育深层次和全局性的治理问题,表征着我国义务教育公共治理中供给侧结构与需求侧结构的不匹配和不平衡问题。因此,需要分别从义务教育的管理体制、办学体制和问责机制等方面,深化我国义务教育供给侧改革,破解城市代课教师难题,推进教育公平。

The problem of substitute teachers in migrant children education in China is becoming the problem of compulsory education governance in city. Based on the national education fairness, self-interests of the local area, and the conflict and compromise between the employment and the individual preferences, the occupation of city substitute teachers appeared. This problem reflects the governance problem of urban and rural compulsory education in China, fundamentally demonstrating the mismatch and imbalance in side supply in China＇s compulsory education public governance. It is necessary to deepen side supply reform in compulsory education, solve the problems of city substitute teachers and achieve education fairness from education management system, education system and accountability mechanisms.