上海市长宁区小学生午餐营养素摄入状况

Nutrition status assessment of actual intake of dietary nutrients intake from lunch in primary schools in Changning district of Shanghai

目的了解上海市长宁区小学营养午餐中各类食物及营养素实际摄入情况,为改善小学生营养午餐质量提供依据。方法采用分层随机整群抽样的方法,抽取长宁区4所小学一~四年级所有学生共2 030名作为研究对象,用食物称重记账法调查1周内连续5 d的营养午餐摄入情况。结果小学生午餐中动物性食品实际摄入量为83.2 g/d,达到推荐量的138.7%,大豆类及豆制品的摄入量为18.7 g/d,仅达到推荐量的74.6%;仅1所学校提供水果;所有学校均未提供奶类。学生午餐剩余最多的食物是粮谷类和蔬菜,分别为供应量的22.0%和19.2%。蛋白质和脂肪摄入量的供能比高于推荐值,碳水化合物摄入量的供能比低于推荐值。能量、钙、维生素B1、维生素B2的平均摄入量均低于推荐摄入量,分别为（456.1±136.1）kcal（1 kcal=4.18 k J）、（134±63.3）mg、（0.22±0.07）mg、（0.27±0.08）mg;维生素C的平均摄入量高于推荐摄入量,为（32.6±14.8）mg。结论长宁区小学营养午餐膳食结构不合理,营养素摄入不均衡。应增加奶类和大豆及豆制品的供给量,适当减少禽畜肉的供给。

Objective To evaluate the actual intake of various kinds of dietary nutrients intake from lunch in primary schools in changning district of Shanghai and to provide evidence for improving children＇ s nutritional quality of the lunch. Methods By using stratified cluster random sampling, 2 030 students at 1-4 grades from 4 primary schools in Changning District were recruited. Food weighting and accounting methods were used for a 5-day survey of intaking of nutrition in lunch nutrition in one week. Results Intake of animal food（ 83.2 g / d） reached 138.7% of recommended level, while intake of soy and soy products（ 18.7 g / d）was only 74.6% of recommended level among all of students. Only one school provided fruits and no schools supplied milk. Cereals and vegetables were the most remained foods,according for 22.0% and 19.2% of the supply. For the sources of energy, the proportion of fat and protein were higher than recommended value and that of carbohydrate was less than the recommended value. The intake of energy（ 456.1±136.1） kcal, calcium（ 134±63.3） mg, vitamin B1（ 0.22±0.07） mg and vitamin B2（ 0.27± 0.08） mg were lower than the standard, The intake of vitamin C（ 32.6±14.8） mg was higher than the standard. Conclusion The dietary pattern is unreasonable and intakes of nutrients are of inappropriate proportions among students. The supply of milk and soybean products should be increased, and the supply of poultry should be properly decreased.