河北某高校医学生排尿知识行为现状

Questionnaire survey on knowledge, attitude and practice of urinary elimination among college students in Hebei

目的了解医学生的排尿相关知识和行为现状,为开展相关科普宣传提供依据。方法采用简单随机抽样的方法,从河北某高校大一、大二年级中,抽取390名医学生进行问卷调查。结果 390名被试正常尿液颜色为淡黄色或透明黄色的知晓率为42.3%（165名）;每日正常尿量为1 000~2 000 m L的知晓率为32.8%（128名）;每日正常排尿频次为4~8次知晓率为62.3%（243名）;憋尿不利于健康的知晓率为96.4%（376名）;刻意控制排尿速度不利健康的知晓率为69.0%（269名）,男生（62.9%）低于女生（74.0%）（χ~2=5.551,P=0.018）;排尿颜色和排尿量与饮水相关的知晓率为86.7%（338名）;86.4%（337名）认为该关注排尿,男生（82.9%）低于女生（89.3%）（χ~2=3.915,P=0.048）;75.4%认为发现排尿异常应该寻找原因;84.6%（330名）对排尿知识感兴趣;想通过网络获得排尿知识的比例最高,为59.7%（233名）;65.4%（255名）的调查对象实际尿液颜色为浅黄色或透明黄色,男生（57.7%）低于女生（71.6%）（χ~2=8.252,P=0.004）;70.0%（273名）经常提前排尿,男生（62.3%）低于女生（76.3%）（χ~2=8.996,P=0.003）;7.4%（29名）经常憋尿;4.1%（16名）经常刻意控制排尿速度,男生（6.9%）高于女生（1.9%）（χ~2=6.122,P=0.013）;23.6%（92名）日间排尿〉7次,男生（28.6%）高于女生（19.5%）（χ~2=4.371,P=0.037）;夜间排尿的比例为39.5%（154名）。结论河北某高校医学生排尿知识知晓率不高,存在不良排尿行为,需进行相关的科普宣教。

Objective To understand the status and relevant knowledge of urination urinary elimination, and to provide evidence for conducting related health education. Methods Simple random sampling was used to randomly select 390 freshmen and sophomores from a medical college in Hebei to have a questionnaire among whom a questionnaire survey to as implemented. Results The awareness rate of appropriate urine color（ light yellow or transparent yellow） was 42.3 %（ 165）.The awareness rate of appropriate urine amount（ 1 000-2 000 m L） was 32.8%（ 128）. The awareness rate of appropriate urinary elimination frequency（ 4-8） was62.3 %（ 243）. The awareness rate of harms of holding back urine related to health（ 4-8） was 96.4%（ 376）. The awareness rate of harms of controlling speed of urinary elimination related to health was 69.0%（ 269）, the rate amongmale（ 62.9%） was significantly lower than that among female（ 74.0%）（ χ~2= 5.551, P = 0.018）. The awareness rate of link between drinking water and urine color was 86.7%（ 338）, the rate of willing to pay attention on urinary elimination was 86.4%（ 337）, and the rate in male（ 82. 9%） was significantly lower than that in female（ 89. 3%）（ χ~2= 3. 915, P = 0. 048）. The rate of willing to find reasons for abnormal urinary elimination was 75.4%. The rate of being interested in urinary elimination related knowledge was 84.6%（ 330）; the rate of willing to obtain knowledge about urinary elimination by means of network was highest（ 59.7%）（ 233）. In aspects of urinary elimination behavior in daily life, 65.4% of participants（ 255） have appropriate urine color, the rate in male（ 57.7%） as significantly lower than that in female（ 71.6%）（ χ~2= 8.252, P = 0.004）. 70.0% of participants（ 273） have advanced urinary elimination behavior, the rate in male（ 62.3%） was significantly lower than that in female（ 76.3%）（ χ~2= 8.996, P = 0.003）; 7.4% of participants（ 29） hold back urine frequently. 4.1% of participants（ 16） controlled urinary elimination speed frequently, the rate in male（ 6.9%） was significantly higher than that in female（ 1.9%）（ χ~2= 6.122, P = 0.013）; 23.6% of participants（ 92） urinated more than 7 times at daytime,the rate in male（ 28.6%） was significantly higher than that in female（ 19. 5%）（ χ~2= 4. 371, P = 0. 037）; 39. 5% of participants（ 154） urinated at nighttime. Conclusion The popularizing rate of knowledge about urinary elimination is rather low. Most medical college students have inappropriate urinary elimination behaviors. The propaganda and education of urinary elimination are necessary.