集中连片贫困地区初中生健康素养与身体活动水平关联

Correlation research of health literacy and physical activity level among middle school students in poor areas

目的了解集中连片贫困地区初中生健康素养水平及影响因素,为贫困地区中学生有效开展健康教育提供依据。方法采用分层抽样方法,对内蒙古自治区集中连片贫困地区7所中学2 013名初中生的健康素养及身体活动水平进行问卷调查。结果学生具备健康素养的总体比例为19.67%,城镇学校学生高于农村学生,女生高于男生,初一学生高于其他年级学生,随着身体活动水平的提高而增高(P值均<0.05)。具备基本知识与技能、健康生活方式与行为、健康技能素养的比例分别为17.04%,22.65%和77.55%,且不同学校、性别、年级、民族所表现的比例特征基本相似。身体活动水平的平均值为(10.84±2.36)分,身体活动水平低级、中级、高级所具备健康素养比例分别为7.92%,16.22%和29.40%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论集中连片贫困地区初中生具备健康素养总体水平偏低,身体活动水平、学校、性别、年级是影响健康素养的因素。加强学校体育活动,提高学生身体活动水平是提升学生健康素养的有效途径。

Objective To investigate health literacy and associated factors among middle school students in poor areas,and to provide the evidence for health education in middle school students. Methods Stratified cluster random sampling was used among 2013 students selected in 7 middle school in poor areas,Inner Mongolia. A cross-sectional investigation on health literacy and physical activity level was conducted with self-designed questionnaire. Results Health literacy overall rate of 19. 67%, and cities,girls and first-year students was significantly higher than the others（ P〈0.05）. There was no significance on health literacy among nationality（ P〈0.05）, however, the passing rate of health literacy increased with physical activity level（ P〈0.05）. The passing rate of health knowledge, health behaviors and health skills were 17. 04%, 22. 65% and 77. 55%, respectively, and there was a similar characteristic to be shown with different schools, gender, grade, and nationality. The average score on physical activity level of all subjects was 10. 84±2. 36. The ratio of health literacy with lower、middle and higher level of physical activity were 7. 92%, 16. 22%and 29. 40%, respectively, and to there was significance on health literacy in physical activity level（ P〈0. 05）. Conclusion The overall level of health literacy among middle school students in poor areas was lower, non-conditional logistic regression analysis results showed that physical activity level, gender, schools, grade was the main influencing factors for health literacy among middle school students. Therefore, to strengthen the school sports activities, and to improving students＇ physical activity levels was an effective way to improve students＇ health literacy.