重点高中学生抑郁症状及其与学习成绩归因方式的关系

Depressive symptoms and its association with academic achievement and negative attribution style among key senior high school students

目的了解重点高中学生抑郁症状流行状况及其与学习成绩和归因方式的关系,为开展高中生抑郁症状的预防研究提供基础数据。方法根据安徽省的地理特点,从皖北、皖中和皖南选取8所重点高中学校的高中一年级和二年级2 768名学生为调查对象,调查内容包括社会人口学特征、学习成绩、抑郁症状和归因方式等。结果有抑郁症状学生占48.4%,重度抑郁症状的学生比例达到29.7%;多因素分析结果显示,女性、农村户籍、皖南地区、学习成绩差的高中生有抑郁症状的危险性更高;归因方式中,有抑郁症状的危险性随着持久性和普遍性维度得分增加而增加。归因方式在学习成绩和抑郁症状之间存在中介效应(间接效应值为-0.025,P<0.05)。结论抑郁症状已经广泛影响重点高中学生的心理健康,培养学生乐观的归因方式可减少抑郁症状发生的危险性。

Objective To investigate the prevalence of depressive symptoms among key senior high school students and to examine the association of depressive symptoms with academic achievement and negative attribution style, and to document for mental health promotion. Methods The cross-sectional survey was conducted among grade one and two students of eight key high schools in south,central and north of Anhui province according to geographic characteristics. A questionnaire was used to survey which included social demographic characteristics, academic achievement, depressive symptoms and negative attribution style, etc.Results The proportions of the students with depressive symptoms and severe depressive symptoms were 48.4% and 29.7%, respectively. Generalized linear models showed that depressive symptoms were significantly related to female students, senior high school students living in rural, residing south location and those with bad academic achievement. In addition, with increasingly high scores in durability and popularity, students can have a higher risk of showing depressive symptoms. Additionally, the results of analysis by structural equation model indicated that attribution style partially mediated between academic achievement and depressive symptoms, the standardized indirect effect is-0.025（ P〈0.05）. Conclusion Depressive symptoms have greatly affect the mental health of key senior high school students. Positive attribution style training can reduce the risk of showing depressive symptoms amongkey senior high school students.