征地拆迁背景下的村庄政治

Village Politics under the Context of Land Requisition and Demolishing

在征地拆迁背景下,国家通过设置剩余索取权来调动村干部完成国家任务的积极性,村庄精英通过村庄选举来响应这个获利机会,村庄选举的激烈竞争又形成复杂的村庄派性政治。因此,通过地方政府(国家)——村干部——村民三层分析框架,来讨论征地拆迁这个"天下第一难事"与村庄政治之间的有趣机制,可以更加清晰地展现征地拆迁背景下村庄政治的展开过程,更加深刻地理解征地拆迁的一般逻辑。征地拆迁背景下的村庄政治带有一定的特殊性,不过,这个特殊性却是中国基层治理一般性逻辑在特殊场景下的展演,中国基层政治乃至中国政治的一般特点也正是通过这个特殊性表现出来的。

This study proposes a new framework to discuss the problem of land requisition and demolishing,and its influence to village politics from local government( the state),village cadre,and villager's dimensions. Under the context of land requisition and demolishing,residual claim right is set up by the state to motivate village cadres to fulfill the tasks from above. In order to grasp such profitable opportunity,village elites participate in village election actively,leading to competitive election,which further promotes the complex village factional politics. The main task of this study is to analyze the operation of village politics in the context of land requisition and demolishing,and try to find out the general logic of land requisition and demolishing.While village politics in such context shows its specificity,it is an application of the general logics of grassroots governance in particular circumstance. In this sense,the analysis of particular mechanism,to a certain degree,could reflect the general characteristics of grass-roots politics,and the Chinese politics as well.