太极拳运动预防老年女性骨质疏松性骨折的效果观察

Effect of Tai Chi Exercises on Prevention of Osteoporotic Fracture in Elderly Women

目的观察太极拳运动在社区预防老年女性骨质疏松症性骨折的效果。方法选取社区体检诊断明确在册的骨质疏松症老年女性居民124人,随机分为观察组与对照组各62例,两组组均由健康教育管理团队实施骨质疏松性骨折常规社区护理干预,观察组在此基础上增加规律的太极拳运动,比较两组人群干预前后左前臂骨密度T值变化。骨关节疼痛症状的改变。1年内跌倒的发生率及骨折的发病率。两组人群相关行为的变化。结果观察组太极拳规律运动1年后左前臂骨密度T值明显提高;疼痛症状有改善;1年内跌倒的发生率。骨折的发病率均较对照组显著降低,除治疗依从性外,运动主动性。睡眠质量等观察指标较对照组也有显著差异(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论社区常规护理辅以规律太极拳运动能提高老年女性骨质疏松症人群的骨密度,减轻关节疼痛,降低骨折发生率,提高运动主动性及睡眠质量等。

Objective To study the effect of Tai Chi exercise on the prevention of osteoporotic fracture in elderly women in communities. Methods 124 elderly female residents with diagnosed osteoporosis during the community health ex- aminations were randomly selected and divided into observation group and control group with 62 in each group. Both groups received routine community nursing intervention by the health education management group, and in addition, the observation group practiced the regular Tai Chi exercise. A comparison was made between the two groups before and after the intervention in the changes of bone mineral density T - scores of the left forearm, joint pain symptoms, the incidence of falls and fracture in a year, and relevant behaviors. Results A year later, the bone mineral density T - score of the left forearm was signifi- cantly increased and the joint pain was relieved in the observation group. The incidence of falls and fracture of the observation group were significantly lower than the control group. Apart from treatment compliance, there was significant difference be- tween the two groups in exercise initiative and sleep quality （P 〈 0. 05 or P 〈 0. 01 ）. Conclusion Regular Tai Chi exercise with community routine nursing may help elderly woman with osteoporosis increase the bone mineral density, reduce joint pain, decrease the incidence rate of fracture, and improve the exercise initiative and sleep quality.