重庆市2006-2015年5岁以下儿童死亡率及死因构成的变化趋势

Trend analysis on mortality and causes of death for children under 5 years old in Chongqing during 2006- 2015

目的分析重庆市2006-2015年5岁以下儿童死亡率、主要死因别死亡率及死因构成变化趋势。方法采用重庆市5岁以下儿童死亡监测网收集的2006-2015年以人群为基础监测资料,计算并分析5岁以下儿童死亡率及其主要死因构成的变化。结果 2006-2015年重庆市5岁以下儿童死亡率、婴儿死亡率和新生儿死亡率分别由2006年的13.5‰、10.7‰和7.3‰下降至2015年的10.1‰、6.9‰和4.2‰。2015年重庆市5岁以下儿童前5位死因为先天性心脏病、早产或低出生体质量、肺炎、溺水和出生窒息。2006-2015年重庆市5岁以下儿童先天性心脏病死亡构成比逐年上升,各主要死因别死亡率均逐年下降。结论重庆市2006-2015年5岁以下儿童死亡率及主要死因别死亡率呈明显下降趋势;先天性心脏病死亡构成呈上升趋势,肺炎、出生窒息死亡构成呈下降趋势。

Objective To analyze the mortality, leading cause of deaths and change trend of the causes in the children under 5 years old in Chongqing during the year of 2006 to 2015. Methods The data used in this study were collected from the population-based National Maternal and Children Health Surveillance Network of Chongqing. Under-5-mortality rate （U5MR） and the leading causes of deaths for children under 5 years old were analyzed in Chongqing. Results From the year of 2006 to 2015, the U5MR was decreased from 13.5‰ to 10.1‰, infant mortality from 10.7‰ to 6.9‰, and neonatal mortality rate from 7.3‰ to 4.2‰. The top 5 leading causes of death for children under 5 years old in 2015 were congenital heart disease, premature birth/low birth weight, pneumonia, drowning and birth asphyxia. The proportion of mortality due to congenital heart disease was increased year by year, and the mortality rate of other leading causes were decreased. Conclusion The leading causes for U5MR in Chongqing are declined remarkably from 2006 to 2015. The proportion of mortality due to congenital heart disease is increased obviously, and those of pneumonia and birth asphyxia are in a downward trend.