15种蹄盖蕨科植物叶表皮形态特征的研究

Morphological Features of Leaf Epidermis of Fifteen Athyriaceae Species

利用光学显微镜对蹄盖蕨科15种植物的叶表皮形态特征进行观察和研究。结果表明：蹄盖蕨科15种植物的上、下表皮细胞均为无规则型,垂周壁为凹凸状或深波状;上表皮细胞长宽比在1.0-3.2之间,下表皮细胞长宽比在1.0-2.6之间;在这15种植物中共观察到6种气孔器类型,即极细胞型、腋下细胞型、聚合极细胞型、聚腋下细胞型、无规则四细胞型和无规则型,每种植物具有3-4种气孔器类型,气孔均为下生型,多呈椭圆形。气孔的长宽比在1.3-2.1之间;气孔密度在32-90个/mm2之间;气孔指数为17.7%-40.9%。依据上述叶表皮形态特征将15种蹄盖蕨科植物分为3类,即双盖蕨类、蹄盖蕨类和对囊蕨类。该研究在一定程度上支持Christenhusz分类系统对蹄盖蕨科的划分,为蹄盖蕨科植物的系统分类及演化研究提供基础资料。

The epidermal morphology of fifteen species of Athyriaceae was investigated under light micro- scope. The results indicated that. epidermal cells of fifteen species of Athyriaceae are irregular, with con- cave-convex or sinuate anticlinal walls. The length to width ratio of upper epidermal cells was between 1.0 -3.2, and the length and width ratio of lower epidermal cells was between 1.0-2.6. In these 15 kinds of plants, 6 types of stomatal apparatus were observed, Polocytie type, Axilloeytic type, Copolocytic type, Coaxillocytic type, Anomotetracytic type and Anomocytic type. Each plant has three to four types of stom- atal apparatus, all the stomatal apparatuses occur in the lower epidermis, and most of them are elliptical. Stomatallength to width ratio was between 1. 3-2. 1% the stomatal density was 32-90/mm2, and the stomatal index was 17.7%-40.9%. On the basis of the leaf epidermis morphology, 15 species of Athyri- aceae can be divided into three categories, Diplazium, Athyrium, Deparia. According to the results of leaf epidermal morphology, the classification system of Christenhusz was supported to a certain extent. This study provided basic data for the classification and evolution of the species ao Athyriaceae.