艾滋病病毒感染者／艾滋病病人临床实验室检测的研究

The study of HIV infected persons/AIDS patients clinical laboratory testing

目的：分析艾滋病病毒感染者／艾滋病病人临床实验室检测的意义。方法：选择2012年1月1日至2015年12月31日在我所治疗的HIV／AIDS患者53例，为实验组，选择同期无免疫系统疾病HIV／AIDS抗体阴性成人53例，使用临床实验室检测方法对两组人员的病毒载量、免疫球蛋白、13，微球蛋白、T淋巴细胞等进行检测。结果：HIV患者血液均会被检测出一定数量的病毒载量，且数值逐渐升高。实验组的CD4＋T淋巴细胞明显低于对照组，CD4＋／CD8＋比值小于0．5，提示为艾滋病。对比两组B2微球蛋白、免疫球蛋白、血常规、尿常规，研究发现在免疫球蛋白中除了实验组IgG（18．04±2．41）g／L明显高于对照组（11．92±2．01）g／L，实验组B2微球蛋白明显高于对照组之外，两组在IgA、IgM、红细胞、血小板、白细胞、上皮细胞、尿糖、尿蛋白、ALT、AST、ALP、TP、TBIL、TG、CHOL、HDL等差异无显著性（P〉0．05）。结论：对HIV／AIDS患者进行B2微球蛋白、病毒载量、CD4＋／CD8＋等进行检测，能够评估患者病情预后和对临床治疗有一定的参考价值，但是仍然需要进一步的进行研究。

Objective： We aimed to analyze the significance of clinical laboratory testing in HIV/AIDS patients. Methods： 53 cases of HIV/AIDS patients of my hospital were selected from January 1, 2012 to December 31, 2015as the experimental group. 53 cases of non-immune system diseases and HIV/AIDS antibody-negative adults were selected as control . Both groups were detected for viral load, immunoglobulins, [32-microglobulin, and T lymphocytes. Results： All HIV/AIDS infectors were found a certain amount of viral load in the blood, and its quantiW gradually increased. The CD4＋T cells of experimental group were significantly lower than the control group. CD4＋/CD8＋ ratio is less than 0.5, which suggested the infectors became HIV/AIDS. Compared with control, the researchers found that except the experimental group＇s immunoglobulins IgG （18.04±2.41） g/L was significantly high- er than the control group＇s （11.92 ±2.01） g/L, and the β2-microglobulin of the experimental group was also significantly higher than the control group＇s. The difference between two groups of IgA, IgM, red blood cells, platelets, white blood cells, epithelial cells, urine, urine protein, ALT, AST, ALP, TP, TBIL, TG, CHOL, HDL testing, was not significant （P〉0.05） . Conclusion： Testing the β2-microglobulin, viral load, CD4＋/CD8＋ and other items of HIV/AIDS patients are helpful to assess the patients＇ condition and has a certain reference value in clinical treatment, but it still needs further research.